Isfahan University of Technology Advance Physiology (part 4) By: A. Riasi (PhD in Animal Nutrition & Physiology)

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Neuromuscular Junction
Advertisements

Sliding Filament Model of Contraction
Destruction of Acetylcholine
Muscle Tissue Chapter 8 Bio201.
Contraction of Muscle. Sliding Filament Mechanism During muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges pull on the thin filaments, causing them to slide inward.
Skeletal Muscle Contraction
Muscular system SKELETAL MUSCLE Skeletal muscle is made up of hundreds of muscle fibers –Fibers consists of threadlike myofibrils –Myofibrils composed.
IB Biology HL II Clegg: Musculosketal System IB Biology HL II Clegg:
Objective 3 Describe and diagram the microscopic structure of skeletal muscle fibers.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 6 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
The Muscular System.
Cellular Respiration.
Skeletal Muscle Physiology cont. Diagram the chemical and mechanical steps in the cross-bridge cycle and explain the effect on the muscle fiber length.
Excitation-Contraction Coupling
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings  The predominant extracellular ion is Na +  The predominant intracellular ion.
FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE Dr. Abdelrahman Mustafa LECTUERER, Physiology.
Energy for Muscle Contraction Direct Phosphorylation Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Glycolysis.
ATP of Skeletal Muscles
Skeletal Muscle Physiology How do contractions occur? Remember that muscles are excitable.
MUSCLES!!.
CHAPTER EIGHT MUSCULAR SYSTEM.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 6 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
EDU2HBS Human Body Systems 1 The Muscular System 2.
The sliding filament mechanism, in which myosin filaments bind to and move actin filaments, is the basis for shortening of stimulated skeletal, smooth,
Muscle Physiology.
Physiology of Fitness Energy systems and their role in sport and exercise.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 6 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
Human Physiology Cell Respiration and Metabolism Chapter 2.
IN CLASS NOTES = STEPS OF A MUSCLE CONTRACTION. STEP 1 Calcium ions present Ca+ binds to troponin which makes tropomyosin move out of way for myosin head.
Quiz – Write question and answer
PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by Patty Bostwick-Taylor, Florence-Darlington Technical College Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing.
Aerobic & Anaerobic Metabolism in Muscles. Objectives Recognize the importance of ATP as energy source in skeletal muscle. Understand how skeletal muscles.
* Set up for “Memory” * Create flashcards for: * Perimysium * Synergist * Aerobic * Leukocytes * Plasma * Eccentric contraction * Leukemia * Motor Unit.
Chapter 6 Contraction of Skeletal Muscle Dr. Marko Ljubković Department of Physiology.
Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 8: The Muscular System.
Pages  Muscle fiber contraction is “all or none” ◦ There is no “in-between” contraction  Not all fibers may be stimulated at one time  Different.
3 Types of Muscle Tissue Properties of Muscle Tissue
Chapter 6 The Muscle Physiology
Cellular Respiration. Learning Intention: To learn about cellular respiration Success Criteria: By the end of the lesson I should be able to Describe.
Ch : Contraction and Metabolism of Skeletal Muscle
Ninth lecture The H zone is a relatively lighter zone in the center of the A band. In the center of the H zone, there is a narrow dark line, known as.
بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحيم Skeletal Muscle Mechanics By: Dr. Khurram Irshad.
Muscle Metabolism Aerobic respiration: produces large amounts of ATP but requires O 2 to function, waste products: water, CO 2 Anaerobic fermentation:
By: Jordan, Zach, Paige and Gabby. WHAT IS FERMENTATION? -In the absence of oxygen, some cells convert pyruvic acid into other compounds through additional.
Molecular Basis of Muscle Contraction Standard 9 h. Students know the cellular and molecular basis of muscle ocntraction,including the roles of actin,
Figure Figure The Arrangement of Motor Units in a Skeletal Muscle.
Skeletal Muscle Physiology Muscle excitation and energy sources. Describe the roles of ATP in muscle function. Explain the sources of ATP for muscle function.
Skeletal Muscle Metabolism and Fiber Types Dr.Mohammed Sharique Ahmed Quadri Assistant Professor, Physiology.
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Seventh Edition Elaine N. Marieb Chapter.
Muscle Contraction. 1.Acetylcholine (Ach) is released from the axon terminal (nerve) into the synaptic cleft and binds to Ach receptors in the sarcolemma.
Sarcomere Physiology: Sliding Filament Theory This is pretty exciting!
Muscular System Chapter 9. Three types of Muscle Tissue  Skeletal  Smooth  Cardiac.
Skeletal Muscle Unit Chapter 6. Functions of skeletal muscles  Produce skeletal movement  Maintain posture and body position  Support soft tissues.
Relaxation and Contraction of Muscle Systems
Bell Ringer What is the role of acetylcholine in the process of muscle contraction? Acetylcholine is a neurotransmiter involved in the process of muscle.
© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc..
Initially Sarcolemma is in the Resting Membrane state
Muscular System Notes Unit 6.
(8) Energy systems in muscle cells
Muscle Metabolism.
Chapter 8 muscular system
3 Types of Muscle Tissue Properties of Muscle Tissue
Role of ATP ATP (provided by mitochondria)
Chapter 9 Muscular System
Energy for skeletal muscle contraction
ATP and Muscle Contraction
Chapter 9a: Part II: Muscle Contraction, Neuromuscular Junction & Muscle Tissue cont… (Interactive pgs )
Skeletal Muscle Fibers
Do now activity #1 What are the 3 types of muscle?
Presentation transcript:

Isfahan University of Technology Advance Physiology (part 4) By: A. Riasi (PhD in Animal Nutrition & Physiology)

Muscle physiology  Three muscle types are structurally and functionally distinct.  The muscle can be classified in two different ways:  Striated or unstraited muscles  Voluntary or involuntary muscles

Skeletal Muscle

 In this section we turn our attention to the following topics:  How does cross-bridge interaction between actin and myosin bring about muscle contractions?  How does a muscle action potential trigger this contractile process?  What is the source of Ca++ that physically repositions troponin and tropomyosin to permit cross-bridge binding? Skeletal Muscle

 Acetylcholine (ACh) as neuro-transmiter  Transverse tubule (T tubule)  Action potential reach the central portion of the fiber Skeletal Muscle

Figure 3.25b Skeletal Muscle

 Three pathway supply additional ATP as needed during muscle contraction: 1.Transfer from a high energy phosphate from a phosphagen (creatine phosphate and arginine phospahte) to ADP. 2.Oxidative phosphorylation (the citric acid cycle and electron transport system) 3.Glycolysis Skeletal Muscle

 The phosphagens contain a high-energy phosphate group.  Energy and phosphate from ATP can be transferred to creatine or arginine to form the phosphate. Creatine phosphate + ADP Creatine + ATP Skeletal Muscle

 There are cardiovascular limits to the amount of O2 that can be delivered to muscle.  In this situation the muscle fibers rely increasingly on glycolysis. It has two advantages: 1- Glycolysis can form ATP in absence of O2 2- It can proceed much more rapidly than oxidative phosphorylation because fewer steps. Skeletal Muscle

 There is a disadvantage of the low efficiency of glycolysis ( 2 ATP vs 36 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation ).  The end product of anarobic glycolysis is pyruvic acid that is converted to lactic acid.  Lactic acis leads to acidosis and is believed to play a role in the onset of muscle fatigue. Skeletal Muscle

What are the reasons of muscle fatigue? 1.A local increase in inorganic phosphate resulting from the breakdown of phosphagens; 2.Accumulation of lactic acid, which (via release of H+) may inhibit key enzymes in the energy-producing pathways or the excitation contraction coupling process; 3.Depletion of energy reserves. Skeletal Muscle