+ Getting Started: Why is it important to study geography?

+ the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these Geography Physical GeographyHuman Geography

+ Physical Geography The surface of the earth How people adapt to a particular environment Human Geography Cartographer – map maker

5 Themes of Geography Copyright © Clara Kim All rights reserved.

Geography DEFINITION Is the study of where people, places and things are locatedIs the study of where people, places and things are located Ways that different things relate to each other at specific placesWays that different things relate to each other at specific places Ways that places connect with each otherWays that places connect with each other

1. Location Tells you where a place is on EarthTells you where a place is on Earth –Absolute Location: Exact coordinates using latitude and longitude. Latitude – Imaginary lines drawn from east to west, measuring north and south of the equator.Latitude – Imaginary lines drawn from east to west, measuring north and south of the equator. Longitude – Imaginary lines drawn north to south, measuring east and west of the prime meridian.Longitude – Imaginary lines drawn north to south, measuring east and west of the prime meridian.

1. Location Relative Location: the location of a place based on its position to another place.Relative Location: the location of a place based on its position to another place. –Example: a place is N,E,S,W of another place

2.Place The study of physical features and human characteristics of a placeThe study of physical features and human characteristics of a place –Examples: Physical: landforms, rivers, lakes, climate, soil, etc.Physical: landforms, rivers, lakes, climate, soil, etc. Human Characteristics: religious beliefs, settlement patterns, languages, etc.Human Characteristics: religious beliefs, settlement patterns, languages, etc.

3. Human-Environment Interaction How humans adapt to and modify the environment. –Humans shape the landscape through their interaction with the land. –Examples: dams, cutting trees, canals

4. Movement Movement of people, ideas and goodsMovement of people, ideas and goods –Immigration: moving into a place –Emigration: moving out of a place

Why Immigrate or Emigrate? Push Factor: something that makes you want to leave a placePush Factor: something that makes you want to leave a place Pull Factor: something that makes you want to go to that placePull Factor: something that makes you want to go to that place

5. Region Division of the world into physical and cultural regionsDivision of the world into physical and cultural regions Physical Region: deserts, rainforests, tidal basinsPhysical Region: deserts, rainforests, tidal basins Cultural Region: Islam, Bible BeltCultural Region: Islam, Bible Belt

4 components of a map

1. Title Defines the purpose of a map and what type of map you are looking at.

2. Compass Rose Shows the four cardinal directions and is used to identify direction.

3. Scale Shows the relation between a distance on a map and the distance in the real world.

4. Legend (key) Key to the meaning of the colors and symbols on a map.

+ Other things about maps…

What does this map illustrate? Physical map- shows geographic features such as mountains, lakes, deserts etc. (mother nature)

What does this map illustrate? Political map- shows boundaries/borders of countries (man-made)

INTERPRETING MAPS 1. KEY / LEGEND - gives important information that helps to understand the map. (Ex. * represents capital city) 2. EQUATOR- 0 degree imaginary line of latitude that separates the world into a northern and southern hemisphere 3. PRIME MERIDIAN- 0 degree imaginary line of longitude that separates the world into a eastern and western hemisphere

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