Water’s chemical formula is H 2 O made of two hydrogens atoms and 1 oxygen atom formed by covalent bonds

The water molecule is not symmetrical hydrogens bonds at an angle Water is a polar molecule Electrons are shared unevenly spend more time around the oxygen giving the oxygen a weak negative charge and the hydrogen a weak positive charge Water molecules have distinctive regions “pole” with opposite electric charges

Hydrogen Bonds Water forms bonds between two water molecules called hydrogen bond.

Unique properties of water Universal solvent – will dissolve ionic compounds easily because their opposite charges are attracted to different parts of the water molecule

Water sticks to other polar molecules cohesion – attraction between two water molecules giving water a high surface tension adhesion – attraction between water and another polar molecule

water stores heat efficiently- water heats more slowly and retains heat longer

Water is less dense as a solid than a liquid the crystal structure of ice takes up more space than liquid water solid water (ice) floats