The Atom (smallest particle of an element) PartChargeLocation ProtonPositive (+)In the nucleus (center core) NeutronNeutral ( )In the nucleus ElectronsNegative (-)Orbiting around the nucleus

Atom Vocabulary G Mass number - sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. G Atomic mass - the average mass of all isotopes of an element. G Atomic number - the number of protons in the nucleus. G Isotopes - atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons. Such as Carbon 12, 13, and 14. G Mass number - sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus. G Atomic mass - the average mass of all isotopes of an element. G Atomic number - the number of protons in the nucleus. G Isotopes - atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons. Such as Carbon 12, 13, and 14.

Periodic Table G Rows are called periods. There are 7 of them. G Columns are called groups/families. There are 18 of them. G Information in one box: G Atomic Number26 G Element SymbolFe G Element Name Iron G Atomic Mass G Rows are called periods. There are 7 of them. G Columns are called groups/families. There are 18 of them. G Information in one box: G Atomic Number26 G Element SymbolFe G Element Name Iron G Atomic Mass st published by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869

Physical Properties of Metals G Luster - shininess G Malleable-hammered or pressed into flat sheets G Ductile-pulled out or drawn into a long wire G Conductive-ability to transfer heat or electricity G Color-produced when heated G Magnetic-attracted to a magnet G High Density G High Melting Points G Luster - shininess G Malleable-hammered or pressed into flat sheets G Ductile-pulled out or drawn into a long wire G Conductive-ability to transfer heat or electricity G Color-produced when heated G Magnetic-attracted to a magnet G High Density G High Melting Points

Chemical Properties of Metals G Reactivity-ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts with other elements and compounds G Corrosion-the destruction of a metal as it is exposed to other elements (rust) G Reactivity-ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts with other elements and compounds G Corrosion-the destruction of a metal as it is exposed to other elements (rust)

Metal Group/Family Names G Group 1 - Alkali Metals (highly reactive) G Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals (reactive) G Group Transition Metals (good conductors of electricity) G Group 13 – 15 Metals in Mixed Groups G Top Row (below the main table) Lanthanides G Bottom Row (below the main table) Actinides G Group 1 - Alkali Metals (highly reactive) G Group 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals (reactive) G Group Transition Metals (good conductors of electricity) G Group 13 – 15 Metals in Mixed Groups G Top Row (below the main table) Lanthanides G Bottom Row (below the main table) Actinides

Properties of Nonmetals G Brittle - breaks apart easily G Dull G Poor Conductors G Low Melting Points G Low Densities G Most are gases G Reactive with other elements G Brittle - breaks apart easily G Dull G Poor Conductors G Low Melting Points G Low Densities G Most are gases G Reactive with other elements

Nonmetal Group/Family Names G Family 14 - Carbon Family G Family 15 - Nitrogen Family G Family 16 - Oxygen Family G Family 17 – Halogens (meaning salt-forming) very reactive G Family 18 – Noble Gases (nonreactive) G Family 14 - Carbon Family G Family 15 - Nitrogen Family G Family 16 - Oxygen Family G Family 17 – Halogens (meaning salt-forming) very reactive G Family 18 – Noble Gases (nonreactive)

The Metalloids G Metalloids – Elements that have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. G The most useful property of the metalloids is their varying ability to conduct electricity. G Semiconductors - substances that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not under other conditions G Ex. B, Si, Ge, As G Metalloids – Elements that have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. G The most useful property of the metalloids is their varying ability to conduct electricity. G Semiconductors - substances that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not under other conditions G Ex. B, Si, Ge, As

Element Facts G Iron (Fe) – found in the blood G Potassium (K) - found in bananas G Calcium (Ca) - necessary for strong teeth and bones G Lead (Pb) - once used in gasoline, pencils and paint G Aluminum (Al) - lightweight metal used in house siding, cans, and airplane bodies. G Hydrogen (H) - makes up over 90% of the universe G Oxygen (O) – makes up 21% of the air G Iron (Fe) – found in the blood G Potassium (K) - found in bananas G Calcium (Ca) - necessary for strong teeth and bones G Lead (Pb) - once used in gasoline, pencils and paint G Aluminum (Al) - lightweight metal used in house siding, cans, and airplane bodies. G Hydrogen (H) - makes up over 90% of the universe G Oxygen (O) – makes up 21% of the air