1 Tens of millions of cultural digital objects available through Europeana: how can they be used by schools? Tens of millions of cultural digital objects available through Europeana: how can they be used by schools? EMINENT Conference, Rome 5 December 2008 Rob Davies, Scientific Co-ordinator EuropeanaLocal

2 Digital Libraries Initiative (DLI) Flagship project of i2010 Flagship project of i2010 Letter by six Heads of State and Government to the European Commission (2005) Letter by six Heads of State and Government to the European Commission (2005) Advocated creation of a virtual European library Advocated creation of a virtual European library Aiming to make Europe’s cultural and scientific records accessible to all Aiming to make Europe’s cultural and scientific records accessible to all Positive response from the Commission Positive response from the Commission Outline strategy: Communication "i2010: Digital Libraries" Outline strategy: Communication "i2010: Digital Libraries" Communication on ‘access to scientific information in the digital age’ (2007) Communication on ‘access to scientific information in the digital age’ (2007)

3 Focus of the DLI Make Europe's rich and diverse cultural and scientific heritage easier and more interesting to use online Make Europe's rich and diverse cultural and scientific heritage easier and more interesting to use online for work, leisure and/or study for work, leisure and/or study books, films, maps, photographs, music, etc books, films, maps, photographs, music, etc combine multicultural and multilingual environments with technological advances and new business models combine multicultural and multilingual environments with technological advances and new business models Two strands: Two strands: Cultural heritage: Cultural heritage: build a common European Digital Library build a common European Digital Library Scientific heritage: Scientific heritage: ensure current and future access for research and innovation purposes (HE: DRIVER) ensure current and future access for research and innovation purposes (HE: DRIVER) EU Vision: access, digitisation, preservation EU Vision: access, digitisation, preservation Promote competences Promote competences

4 “For the users it is not important whether the sources of knowledge and experience are kept by archives, libraries or museums, but to get access to the sources they want, and to be able to use these sources across types of sources and sectors of institutions.” “For the users it is not important whether the sources of knowledge and experience are kept by archives, libraries or museums, but to get access to the sources they want, and to be able to use these sources across types of sources and sectors of institutions.”

5 Predecessor infrastructural projects TEL (The European Library) TEL (The European Library) Collaborative platform of 48 CENL national libraries Collaborative platform of 48 CENL national libraries Managed by The European Library Office, KL Netherlands Managed by The European Library Office, KL Netherlands Object level, standardised metadata, multilingual access Object level, standardised metadata, multilingual access Sequence of projects ((IST, eContentplus) Sequence of projects ((IST, eContentplus) Each bringing in more national libraries and advancing technically Each bringing in more national libraries and advancing technically Metadata/catalogue records – link to digital objects Metadata/catalogue records – link to digital objects MICHAEL/MICHAELPLus (2004-8) MICHAEL/MICHAELPLus (2004-8) Driven mainly by Ministries of Culture Driven mainly by Ministries of Culture e-Ten e-Ten Access to collection descriptions - link to Access to collection descriptions - link to Research projects ( FP6/ICT) Research projects ( FP6/ICT) DELOS, BRICKS, QVIZ and more DELOS, BRICKS, QVIZ and more

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7 End of 2006: full collaboration among EU National Libraries End of 2006: full collaboration among EU National Libraries From 2007 collaboration to be expanded to Archives, Museums and Audiovisual Archives From 2007 collaboration to be expanded to Archives, Museums and Audiovisual Archives November 2007: EDL Foundation in place November 2007: EDL Foundation in place major European associations of archives, audiovisual archives, museums and libraries as founders major European associations of archives, audiovisual archives, museums and libraries as founders 2008: 2 million books, films, photographs, manuscripts, and other cultural works accessible through prototype (was actually 3.5 million) 2008: 2 million books, films, photographs, manuscripts, and other cultural works accessible through prototype (was actually 3.5 million) At least 6 million works by 2010 (will be exceeded) At least 6 million works by 2010 (will be exceeded) The roadmap to a European Digital Library

8 EDL Foundation EURBICAFIATACEEMFCENLLIBERMICHAELKB ICOM Europe CERLINABA European Regional Branch of Intl. Council on Archives Intl. Fed. of Television Archives Association Cinémathèques Europeennes European Museums Forum Conference of European National Librarians Ligue des Bibliothèques Européennes de Recherche Multilingual Inventory of Cultural Heritage in Europe National Library of The Netherlands International Council of Museums Europe Consortium of European Research Libraries Institut Audiovisuel, France Bundesarchiv, Germany

9  Thematic Network: Europeana.Net (2007-9)  Large scale voluntary effort  Led by KB, Netherlands  Establish trust between the institutions  Create organisational structure for Europeana  Huge EC commitment (eContentplus, ICT PSP, FP)  Tackle domain interoperability issues (standards)  Item or object level  Prototype  digitised content  timeline based discovery, faceted browsing, personalisation  launched to Council of Ministers 19/20 November  huge demand, crashed on first day, to be relaunched mid-December Europeana Europeana

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11 Content infrastructure Support sensible levels of aggregation (digital libraries, national cultural portals etc) for harvesting Support sensible levels of aggregation (digital libraries, national cultural portals etc) for harvesting vary variable starting points across Europe vary variable starting points across Europe Implement Europeana specifications and tools Implement Europeana specifications and tools harvesting OAI-PMH compliant repositories harvesting OAI-PMH compliant repositories map existing metadata to Europeana Metadata Application Profile map existing metadata to Europeana Metadata Application Profile identify easy processes/tools for transforming metadata identify easy processes/tools for transforming metadata local vocabularies ‘SKOSified’ to enrich semantics local vocabularies ‘SKOSified’ to enrich semantics objects remain on original sites objects remain on original sites

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13 EuropeanaLocal ( ) Best Practice Network Best Practice Network improve interoperability of digital content held by regional and local museums, libraries and archives improve interoperability of digital content held by regional and local museums, libraries and archives prove the value of local/regionally sourced content prove the value of local/regionally sourced content large-scale pilot implementation: 27 countries large-scale pilot implementation: 27 countries 200+ collections 200+ collections estimated 20 mill items identified initially estimated 20 mill items identified initially Local content for integrated Europeana prototype service Local content for integrated Europeana prototype service treasures held at local or regional level treasures held at local or regional level local collections held by libraries, museums and archives local collections held by libraries, museums and archives visual material high in the mix visual material high in the mix public domain ‘cultural’ records held by archives etc. public domain ‘cultural’ records held by archives etc. Promote content contribution from local users/communities Promote content contribution from local users/communities more digitisation needed for representation of all localities more digitisation needed for representation of all localities

14 Europeana content holders Content level (infinite) Local level (1000s) National level (10s) European level (1) European Digital Library Virtual Information Space National Archives National Libraries Aggregated repositories Archives Items & Collections Libraries Items & Collections Museums Items & Collections

15 EuropeanaLocal types of partner EDLFoundation EDLFoundation 1 Ministry of Culture (as aggregators of local content) 1 Ministry of Culture (as aggregators of local content) 2 national libraries (“) 2 national libraries (“) 2 national museums (“) 2 national museums (“) 3 national cultural agencies (“) 3 national cultural agencies (“) 5 regional cultural authorities 5 regional cultural authorities 7 public libraries 7 public libraries 1 local museum 1 local museum 1 research foundation 1 research foundation 1 regional digital library provider 1 regional digital library provider 7 private sector organisations 7 private sector organisations

16 Open Archive Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting Item metadata URL Collection metadata Object Reuse and Exchange Object data OAI-PMH Repository & Toolkit Metadata storage Object data model for storage of metadata according to a joint EDLocal application profile Data migration toolkit Tools to facilitate migration of metadata from existing object data model to repository including harmonization Web Service GetRecord, Identify, ListIdentifiers, ListMetaDataFormats, ListRecords, ListSets

17 Europeana Semantic Elements (ESE) Metadata defined to match specific functionality of prototype Metadata defined to match specific functionality of prototype Mixture of simple DC plus some qualifiers + 2 new elements Mixture of simple DC plus some qualifiers + 2 new elements ’User tag’: public tags created by registered users ’User tag’: public tags created by registered users No full Europeana ‘application profile’ proposed yet No full Europeana ‘application profile’ proposed yet data used with existing schemas data used with existing schemas TEL application profile, DC (simple, qualified), MODS,METS. EAD, TEL application profile, DC (simple, qualified), MODS,METS. EAD, mapping and conversion done centrally at Europeana for prototype mapping and conversion done centrally at Europeana for prototype Longer term scalabiity: prognosis Longer term scalabiity: prognosis will require decentralisation will require decentralisation automation of metadata conversion either at aggregator or central level automation of metadata conversion either at aggregator or central level unmissable opportunity for Europe-wide interoperability unmissable opportunity for Europe-wide interoperability

18 Metadata enrichment Object data Persons and roles metadata Topical metadata Geography and coverage metadata Temporal metadata Mainly manually entered but also process text to look for person names Similar technology as is applied by search engines, extracting keywords and assigning relevance according to frequency Coverage is specified in any number of ways such as geographical names, administrative entities and coordinates. Need geo-metadata Difficult to get disambiguous temporal metadata but possible

19 Future ….  Europeana VI delivers first release early 2010  Institutions/aggregators use ESE till then  Integrate complementary infrastructure and standards  Object Modelling, Semantics, RSS/|ATOM, Language, Place/geography, Social networks, Collection identification, Persistent identifiers  Rights expression (C20 black hole)  Sustainability plan/business model  Annual cost projection 2010 onwards = 3.6 million EUR  EC projects + national ministries + site revenue (reuse)

20 OAI-ORE  Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) specs – Oct 17  Object surrogates  Leverage core web architecture  ‘applications and services that can visualize, preserve, transfer, summarize, and improve access to the aggregations that people use on Web daily’’  Potentially interactive – not just one way like OAI-PMH  Enriched metadata available in return to content suppliers  Run in parallel with OAI-PMH

21 Re-use of Europeana content Make content available to other service providers Make content available to other service providers tourism tourism education (formal, non-formal e.g. museums) education (formal, non-formal e.g. museums) family history family history humanities research humanities research publishing/media industries publishing/media industries through other search engines and services on the web through other search engines and services on the web Commercial and non-commercial re-users Commercial and non-commercial re-users Income stream needed for sustainability Income stream needed for sustainability what is the value added by Europeana worth? what is the value added by Europeana worth?

22 ICT PSP Workprogramme 2009 Objective 2.5 – Use of cultural material for education Objective 2.5 – Use of cultural material for education Funding instrument - Pilot B Funding instrument - Pilot B January 2009 call date, May 2009 deadline January 2009 call date, May 2009 deadline Improve availability and relevance of cultural content for lifelong learning use in multicultural/multilingual contexts Improve availability and relevance of cultural content for lifelong learning use in multicultural/multilingual contexts Better exploitation of cultural heritage by education systems Better exploitation of cultural heritage by education systems Used by pupils and students in everyday learning activities Used by pupils and students in everyday learning activities Content which is included/to be included in Europeana Content which is included/to be included in Europeana critical mass to demonstrate impact critical mass to demonstrate impact Identify quantity and quality of content Identify quantity and quality of content Deal with rights/IPR Deal with rights/IPR

23 Europeana-LRE interaction? Search service which educators can use to identify useful content (objects, packaged content) Search service which educators can use to identify useful content (objects, packaged content) Segmented/’curated’ to assist the teacher Segmented/’curated’ to assist the teacher Curriculum relevance? (Who, What, Where, When) Curriculum relevance? (Who, What, Where, When) ‘Travels well’ ‘Travels well’ Quality/rights Quality/rights How would LRE ingest metadata? How would LRE ingest metadata? Harvesting/reharvesting infrastructure? Harvesting/reharvesting infrastructure? RSS ‘channels’ RSS ‘channels’ APIs APIs Metadata enrichment for educational use Metadata enrichment for educational use Curriculum vocabularies, Learning Object specifics Curriculum vocabularies, Learning Object specifics Sustainability Sustainability Culture24 (UK) funded by the DoE to provide service for schools Culture24 (UK) funded by the DoE to provide service for schools

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