Cell structure and function-protein synthesis. What is protein synthesis? Messenger RNA from the cell nucleus is moved systemically along the ribosome.

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Presentation transcript:

Cell structure and function-protein synthesis

What is protein synthesis? Messenger RNA from the cell nucleus is moved systemically along the ribosome where transfer RNA adds individual amino acid molecules to the lengthening protein chain

Ribosomes Structure They are packets of RNA and protein They are the site of protein synthesis Each ribosome comprises of two parts, a large subunit and a small subunit Function Help make proteins

Rough endoplasmic reticulum Structure It appears "pebbled“ (rough) by electron microscopy due to the presence of numerous ribosomes on its surface Function It transports proteins made by ribosomes to Golgi apparatus for secretion out of the cell

Golgi apparatus(body and vesicles) Structure It is a membrane-bound structure with a single membrane Function (Golgi body) Stores and modifies substances made by smooth and rough ER Packages these substances in vesicles for secretion out of cell (Golgi vesicles) Cell secretions-eg: hormones, neurotransmitters(the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout our brain and body) are packaged in secretory vesicles by the Golgi body The secretory vesicles are then transported to the cell surface for release

QUIZ TIME!!!!!

QUESTION 1!

What is a Golgi apparatus?

Hmm…who wants answer?ehh…answer got prize okay!

Okay answer is…. The golgi apparatus is a mebrane-bound structure with a single membrane

QUESTION 2!

What are neurotransmitters?

Raise your hand…. Don’t shout this is not a market!! And I just covered that just now. I can’t believe you forgot..:(

Okay answer… Neurotransmitters are the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout our brain and body

Question 3!

What does each ribosome comprise of?

Don’t know ah?? HINT: Subunits!

Okay answer… Each ribosome comprises of two parts,a large subunit and a small subunit

QUESTION 4!

What is the process of protein synthesis?

Messenger RNA from the cell nucleus is moved systemically along the ribosome where transfer RNA adds individual amino acid molecules to the lengthening protein chain Okay answer…

QUESTION 5!

Why does the rough endoplasmic reticulum appear “pebbled”?

Okay answer… It appears "pebbled" by electron microscopy due to the presence of numerous ribosomes on its surface

Okay that’s all! Thank you! Done by: Teflyn Phua(31) Tiffany Ng(32) Val Low(33) Wang Jia Yi(34) Emerlynn Wee(35) 1 Unity