L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA 2013-2014 4. Phylum Spirochaetes.

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L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Spirochaetes

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Spirochaetes

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Spirochaetes Gram negative Aquatic environments; some pathogens Unique morphology. Endoflagella

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Spirochaetes Treponema: animal and human hosts, microaerophilic, very sensitive to environmental stress T. pallidum: syphilis

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Bacteroidetes

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Bacteroidetes

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Bacteroidetes Genus Bacteroides Rods, strict anaerobes Fermentative Gut comensals Pathogens Gram negative Complex substrates Habitats: digestive tract, hypersaline environments, water and soil – Cells per gr in feces

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Bacteroidetes Rumen metabolism Rumen microbiota

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Bacteroidetes Cytophaga Abundant in soils and waters Many species degrade cellulose, chitine and/or agar Fish pathogens

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria High GC Gram POSITIVES

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria DIFTERIA Gram positive Corynebacterium C. diphteriae (Diphteric toxin) Anaerobic facultative rods Saprophitic and pathogenic pseudomembrane BBE

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria Mycolic acids Ziehl-Neelsen staining Mycobacterium Acid fastness

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Koch’s bacillum) TUBERCULOSIS MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TB!!! BBE

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria TuberculosisSIDA Tubercles Mycobacterium tuberculosis TUBERCULOSIS Tuberculin test BBE

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA

6. Phylum Actinobacteria Mycobacterium leprae LEPROSY (Hansen’s disease) Tuberculoid leprosy Lepromatous leprosy BBE

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria Filaments without cross-walls Mycellium and spores (conidia - no endospores) G+C range: 63-78% (the highest) > 500 species, soil microbiota Pigments / geosmines Chemoorganoheterotrophic aerobes Antibiotic producers Género Streptomyces Mycelium Spore-bearing structures Spore formation Streptomyces

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Actinobacteria Streptomyces: antibiotic production Soil sample

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA

7. Phylum Chlamydiae

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Chlamydiae

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Chlamydiae LIFE CYCLE Gram negativas Obliged intracellular parasites No PG (genes present) “Energetic parasites” (ATP) (genes present) Tansmission: Air and direct contact Elementary body: chlamydiospore

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA Phylum Chlamydiae NGU, very high incidence

L. 6: Bacteria Domain (III). 2nd Biology ARA