CRYOTHERAPY Ben, Trina, Jake, Levi

OBJECTIVES History Characteristics Methods of Cryotherapy Evidence Based Research Review Questions References

HISTORY

HISTORY

CHARACTERISTICS What is occurring to the tissue Therapeutic affects

Types of Cryotherapy Whirlpool Ice massage Cryocuff Ice packs

Whirlpool Methods of application Indications Contraindications Precautions Recommendations for use Proper use of agent

Methods of Application

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

PRECAUTIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE

PROPER USE OF AGENT

ICE MASSAGE Methods of application Indications Contraindications Precautions Recommendations for use Proper use of agent

METHODS OF APPLICATION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

PRECAUTIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE

PROPER USE OF AGENT

CRYOCUFF Methods of application Indications Contraindications Precautions Recommendations for use Proper use of agent

METHODS OF APPLICATION

INDICATIONS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

PRECAUTIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE

PROPER USE OF AGENT

ICE Packs Methods of application Indications Contraindications Precautions Recommendations for use Proper use of agent

METHODS OF APPLICATION Apply to affected area 15 to 20 minutes at a time several times a day Prolonged ice application beyond 1 to 2 days has been shown to impair healing.

INDICATIONS Use of an ice pack is in the acute phase of a soft tissue injury. Cooling will help prevent swelling. Ice packs are also useful to minimize or prevent increased inflammation or pain. The depth of anesthesia with an ice pack is generally considerably less than with an ice massage.

CONTRAINDICATIONS Severe reactions to cold are rare and are related to hypersensitivity reactions. Cold is contraindicated for patients who have developed hypertension during cold treatment or have a cold allergy (hives, joint pain) or cryoglobulinemia. Cold should not be applied to areas of reduced skin sensitivity, or in patients who have Raynaud’s syndrome or sickle cell anemia. Cold can further impair local blood flow in people who have peripheral vascular disease.

PRECAUTIONS Prolonged exposure will lead to freezing of tissue. A number of cases of peripheral nerve injury from cryotherapy have been reported. Injury sites have included the peroneal, lateral femoral cutaneous, and supraclavicular nerves

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USE Decreases or reduces swelling Decreases inflamation Decreases muscle spasm Decreases pain Decreases vasoconstriction Decreases secondary tissue damage

PROPER USE OF AGENT When applying an ice pack, never do so directly onto the skin unless you are using crushed ice. 15-20min intervals several times a day During the first 24 to 72 hours after an injury be sure to avoid any form of heat at the injury site, avoid movement and do not massage the injured area as these will increase the bleeding, swelling, and pain.

EXAMINATION OF EVIDENCE BASED RESEARCH

REVIEW QUESTIONS

REFERENCES