Goldman Fristoe 2 Test of Articulation GFTA-2 Goldman Fristoe 2 Test of Articulation

History Originally published in 1969 1972 Updated to include Normative Information for ages 6-16+ 1986 Norms for Preschool children aged 2-5 were included 1986 revision marked the 2nd edition of the GFTA Currently the GFTA 2 tests Clients ages 2-21

Revised Features of GFTA Target Words for Questionable Images & Culturally Specific Content were Dropped New Art Work Racial & Gender Balanced Age Range Expanded to Meet Public Law Requirements (94-142, 99-457)

GFTA 2 Description Systematic means of Assessing Articulation of the Consonant Sounds of Standard American English Samples both Spontaneous and Imitative Sound Production Divided into 3 Sections Sounds-in-Words Sounds-in-Sentences Stimulability

Sounds-in-Words 34 Plates 53 Target Words 61 Articulation Sounds 16 Consonant Clusters Initial, Medial, and/or Final Position

Sounds-in-Sentences Observes Spontaneous Sound Production Based on Connected Speech Retell 1 or 2 Simple Picture Based Stories

Stimulability Sounds from Previous Sections are Rehearsed only if Misarticulated Examiner Models Sound and Examinee Imitates If Done Correctly the Sound is Modeled in a Word in the Trouble Position If Done Correctly Again the Sound is Placed in a Sentence to be Imitated

Test Materials Each GFTA 2 Kit includes: Easel Manual 25 Response Forms All Contained in a Stylish Canvas Bag

Easel 43 Picture Plates Tabs for Quick Reference Abbreviated Directions for Each Section Folds into a Self-Standing Format for Presentation

Manual Administration Recording of Responses Information on Rationale & Development of the Test Nation Wide Sample of 2,350 Examinees Stratified to Match Gender & Race

Response Form 3 Grids, 1 For Each Section Allows Side-by-Side Comparison of Responses

Administration Testing Environment Un-timed Assessment Examiner May Use All 3 Sections or do Any Combination of Each Each Section Takes 5-15 minutes Depending on the Age of Examinee

Recording Level 1 Testing If Target Sound is Produced Correctly Leave the Space Blank or Put a Check Mark If Target Sound is Incorrect Mark with “X” If Target Sound is NOT Elicited Mark With a Slash

Recording Level 2 Testing Examiner Must Note the Misarticulation Omission Use a Null Sign Distortion Write 2 For a Mild Distortion, 3 for Severe Addition Write the Additional Sound plus the Correct Sound Examiner Can Record Errors by IPA Transcription or by Generic Notation

Determining Raw Score Make Sure All Errors Are Noted in the Appropriate Cells Count Total Number of Errors Record the Raw Score (0-77) on the Right Cover of the Response Form

Scoring Find Age in The Appendix in Manual Locate Raw Score Read Across to Determine Standard Score, Confidence Interval, & Percentile Be Sure Your Scores are Gender Appropriate! For Age Equivalence Locate Raw Score then Read Across to Determine

Pros & Cons Pros: Nice Pictures User Friendly Covers All Sounds in A Concise Manner Scoring Charts Are Easy to Read Cons: Pictures May be Difficult for Young Children to Name For examiner it May Be Difficult to Record Answers While Giving Test For the Young Examinee the Sounds-in-Sentences Test May be Troublesome

Thank You For Your Time and Attention! Dr. Frank Kersting Western Kentucky University