William S. Klug Michael R. Cummings Charlotte A. Spencer Concepts of Genetics Eighth Edition Chapter 16 Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Prokaryotes Exhibit Efficient Genetic Mechanisms to Respond to Environmental Conditions

Lactose Metabolism in E. coli Is Regulated by an Inducible System

Figure 16-1 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Structural Genes

Figure 16-2 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-3 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-4 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. IPTG

The Discovery of Regulatory Mutations (constitutive mutants) lacI - lacO C

The Operon Model: Negative Control

Figure 16-5 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-5a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-5b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-5c Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-6 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-6a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Repressor = trans control element

Figure 16-6b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. Operator = cis control element

Genetic Proof of the Operon Model

Table 16-1 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. constitutive trans element cis element

Figure 16-7 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

The Catabolite-Activating Protein (CAP) Exerts Positive Control over the lac Operon Catabolite repression

Figure 16-8 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-8a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-8b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-9 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Crystal Structure Analysis of Repressor Complexes Has Confirmed the Operon Model

Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-11a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-11c Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

The Tryptophan (trp) Operon in E. coli Is a Repressible Gene System

Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-12a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-12b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-12c Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Attenuation Is a Critical Process during the Regulation of the trp Operon in E. coli

Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-13a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-13b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-13c Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

TRAP and AT Proteins Govern Attenuation in B. subtilis TRAP= trp RNA-binding attenuation protein AT= anti-TRAP

Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-14a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-14b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

The ara Operon Is Controlled by a Regulator Protein That Exerts Both Positive and Negative Control

Figure Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-15a Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-15b Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.

Figure 16-15c Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.