8-6 WWI Early 20 th Century South Carolina’s response to national crises during the first half of the twentieth century brought it back into full participation in the national experience

WWI Explain the reasons for United States involvement in World War I and the war’s impact on South Carolina and the nation as a whole, including the building of new military bases and the economic impact of emigration to industrial jobs in the North.

8-6.1 Vocabulary Neutrality The Great War U-Boat Lusitania Sedition Act

8-6.1 Key Concepts Various political and economic factors led the United States into WWI. During WWI, many South Carolinians became more patriotic, volunteered for military service, and sacrificed for the war.

8-6.1 Key Concepts Economically South Carolinians benefitted from WWI. New military bases were constructed and farmers and merchants thrived. African Americans felt the discrimination of Jim Crow more than ever following WWI. Veterans returned to a racist South Carolina.

Activities What made economic change inevitable in South Carolina following WWII? Reading Like a Historian – U.S. Entry Into WWI Mapping activity – have students locate and label new bases (Columbia, Spartanburg, Greenville, Charleston, Parris Island) county/SouthCarolina_co_lines.jpg Reading Like A Historian – Sedition Map w/Discussion – Great Migration Migration/The-Great-Migration-Map.aspx What groups are involved in this migration? What are some reasons for this migration? Into what areas did this group move? For what reasons would they have moved there?

8-6.2 Explain the causes and effects of changes in South Carolina and the nation as a whole in the 1920s, including Prohibition, the destruction caused by the boll weevil, the rise of mass media, improvements in daily life, increases in tourism and recreation, the revival of the Ku Klux Klan, and the contributions of South Carolinians to the Harlem Renaissance and the Southern Literary Renaissance.

8-6.2 Vocabulary Prohibition Bootleggers Boll Weevil Mass Media Tourism Ku Klux Klan Birth of a Nation Harlem Renaissance Jazz music Southern Literary Renaissance Porgy and Bess

8-6.2 key concepts The 1920’s brought social and technological change to the people of South Carolina’s cities. State leaders attempted to boost tourism along the coast and in historic areas.

8-6.2 key concepts Prohibition was a failure in South Carolina and created an increase in crime and corruption as well as a conservative backlash. Mass media opened the world of radio and movies to those who could afford it resulting in nationalization of the culture.

8-6.2 key concepts Southern writers such as Peterkin and Heyward celebrated South Carolina’s heritage with works that led the Southern Literary Renaissance. South Carolinian William H. Johnson contributed to the Harlem Renaissance through his folk art. He eventually settled, studied, and painted in Paris.

8-6.2 key concepts In the 1920’s, the KKK was a national organization with a strong following rekindled by the movie, Birth of a Nation.

8-6.2 Activities Prohibition Primary Source, Video Clips, etc.

8-6.3 Explain the reasons for depressed conditions in the textile mills and on farms in South Carolina and other regions of the United States in the 1920s and the impact of these conditions on the coming of the Great Depression.

8-6.3 vocabulary Boll Weevil Soil depletion Foreclosure “Speed up; stretch out” overproduction Great Depression

8-6.3 Key Concepts During WWI, South Carolina experienced a brief prosperity which came to an end due to overproduction, drought, pests, and soil depletion. Farmers lost their property to the banks and many moved from the state to seek new job opportunities.

8-6.3 Activities Teaching US History – 1920s - Economic Depression in SC Primary & Secondary Sources, Background Information, Guiding Questions, Analyzing Reasons, etc. NotRoaringinSouthCarolina.html Primary Source – Boll Weevil – South Carolina’s Boll Weevil Commission

8-6.3 Key Concepts The textile industry in New England suffered due to the introduction of synthetic fibers and international competition. When these mills closed and moved south, South Carolina was attractive due to the availability of cheap labor. Mill owners improved mill villages and overworked their workers. By the end of the 1920’s the textile industry was suffering from overproduction as well.

8-6.4 Explain the effects of the Great Depression and the lasting impact of the New Deal on people and programs in South Carolina, including James F. Byrnes and Mary McLeod Bethune, the Rural Electrification Act, the general textile strike of 1934, the Civilian Conservation Corps, the Works Progress Administration, the Public Works Administration, the Social Security Act, and the Santee Cooper electricity project.

8-6.4 vocabulary Stock market crash Great Depression New Deal General Textile Strike of 1934 Rural Electrification Act Civilian Conservation Corps Works Progress Administration Public Works Administration Social Security Administration Santee Cooper Electricity Project

8-6.4 key concepts The Great Depression caused economic conditions to continue to decline in South Carolina. Feeling the urgency to help the country through this economic struggle, President Roosevelt promised the American people a New Deal that would bring jobs and a renewed prosperity.

The New Deal provided jobs through agencies such as the Public Works Administration, Works Progress Administration, Civilian Conservation Corps, Rural Electrification Act, and the Santee Cooper Electricity Project.

The New Deal provided old age protection for the people of South Carolina through the Social Security Act.

South Carolinian James F. Byrnes became a trusted political advisor to President Roosevelt. South Carolina educator and Civil Rights leader Mary McLeod Bethune became a consultant to President Roosevelt as a member of the unofficial “Black Cabinet”.

Activities Reading Like a Historian New Deal SAC Reading Like a Historian Social Security SAS Curriculum Pathways – African Americans and the New Deal – Interactive Reading / Movie

8-6.5 WWII Compare the ramifications of World War II on South Carolina and the United States as a whole, including the training of the Doolittle Raiders and the Tuskegee Airmen, the building of additional military bases, the rationing and bond drives, and the return of economic prosperity.

8-6.5 vocabulary World War II Doolittle Raiders Tuskegee Airmen Fort Jackson Charleston Navy Yard Lend Lease Plan

8-6.5 key concepts Following the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the Doolittle Raiders, a group of bomber pilots, were engaged in a retaliatory attack designed to lift the American morale. In response to WWII, South Carolina’s leaders expanded military bases, citizen’s sacrificed for the war effort, and many young men enlisted and were able to serve but just as many were unable to serve due to poor health issues.

Successful servicemen such as the Tuskegee Airmen, African American bomber pilots, returned from duty determined to end segregation. WWII brought prosperity to South Carolina with the growth of jobs and resulting impact on businesses.

activities SAS Curriculum Pathways Segregation in the Military / Tuskegee Airman Launch?id=208 Lend Lease Act –Discussion Questions lend-lease-act#sect-activities