1.Hormones & Glands 1

How tall are you going to get? How does your body stay warm? 2 Why does a boy’s voice change when he is 12 or 13?

All these activities are controlled by organs called glands 3 Vocabulary: glands Organs that make special chemicals, or hormones, in the body

Your glands keep many body functions running smoothly 4

Glands make special chemicals that bring messages to every part of your body 5 These chemical messengers are called hormones

6 Vocabulary: hormones Special chemicals made by glands in the body

Glands put hormones into the blood 7 Then the blood carries hormones to the parts of the body where they work

The pituitary gland makes a hormone that is carried by the blood to the bones 8 Vocabulary: Pituitary gland The gland that makes special chemicals for the bones

This hormone makes the long bones of the skeleton grow 9 It helps you reach your adult size

The thyroid gland controls how fast you use food and change it into energy 10 Vocabulary: Thyroid gland The gland that makes special chemicals that controls how fast food changes to energy

With too much of this hormone, the heart speeds up and the body temperature goes up 11 The person may be nervous and lose weight

Other glands make sex hormones 12 Vocabulary: Sex hormones Chemicals that control the development of male and female characteristics

In girls, the sex glands are the ovaries 13 Vocabulary: ovaries The female sex organ that store the eggs for fertilization

The chemical, estrogen, released by the ovaries make breasts develop and hips widen 14

15 Estrogen causes the girl to have a growth spurt at the onset of puberty and begin to develop pubic, leg, and underarm hair

Ovaries also produce some of the male hormone, testosterone 16 Testosterone helps develop muscle mass as well as help bones density

Females produce 1/10 th the amount of testosterone as males do 17

In boys, the sex glands are the testes 18 Vocabulary: testes The male sex organ that produces hormones and sex cells

The male hormone is known as testosterone 19 It makes the voice deepen and body hair grow under the arms and in the pubic region

In girls, puberty happens between 9 and 16 years of age 20 Vocabulary: puberty The stage between childhood and adulthood when sex characteristics develop

In boys, puberty occurs between 12 and This can be a very stressful time in life with many embarrassing moments

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