Catalysis: Concepts and Green Applications Lecture slides for Chapter 1: Introduction to catalysis, green chemistry, and sustainable development. Most of the graphics here were drawn using PowerPoint and Chemdraw (version Ultra 9.0). Feel free to modify and/or add your own pyrotechnics. Please send any feedback to feedback@catalysisbook.org Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

The big picture Operational tools Practical approaches Green chemistry Catalysis Green engineering Waste management Strategic goal Sustainable development Industrial ecology Process intensification Renewable energy Monitoring tools Life-cycle assessment E-factor, atom economy Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

The drivers of green chemistry Economic benefit Lower capital investment Lower operating costs Societal pressure Government legislation Improved public image Less hazardous materials Safer and smaller plants Green chemistry High fines for waste Pollution control Producer responsibility Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Oxidation of diphenylmethanol to benzophenone Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Relative efficiency of various engine types 100 90 80 70 % Efficiency 50 Costs of obtaining hydrogen 50 40 30 20 10 Gas electric Diesel electric Micro-turbine Hydrogen fuel cell Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

The traditional propene oxide route Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Catalytic oxidation of propene The SMPO process Catalytic oxidation of propene Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

The four stages of life-cycle assessment Defining the scope Inventory analysis Impact analysis Improvement analysis Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Different types of catalysts zeolite (crystalline aluminosilicate) enzyme (biocatalyst) copper-zinc crystallites on silica Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Examples of chemo- and diastereoselectivity Regioselectivity Enantioselectivity Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Base-catalysed transesterification of triglycerides Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.11 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.12 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.13 metal crystallite oxide support Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.14 Zeolite Y Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.15 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.16 Adipic acid cis,cis-muconic acid E. coli cell H2 5000 KPa O2 900 KPa conc. HNO3 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.17 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.18 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.19 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.20 HF Pd Raney Nickel AlCl3 NaOEt H3O+ Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.21 Activity testing Mechanistic studies Parallel screening Novel reactor concepts Synthesis tools Process intensification Spectroscopy Surface science Microscopy Characterisation tools Quantum mechanics Molecular simulations Data mining Modelling tools Kinetic studies Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.22 substrate loop micromixer infrared flow cell air bubble air loop substrate pulse substrates catalysts solvent reservoir pump catalyst loop waste mixed substrate/ catalyst pulse Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.23 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.24 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.25 Carton manufacturing Carton filling Aluminium foil paperboard Raw materials LDPE Consumer Waste management Landfill disposal Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.26 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org

Figure 1.27 Catalysis/ Rothenberg, ISBN 978-3-527-31824-7. www.catalysisbook.org