Earth’s energy balance Earth’s climate system Glacial cycles Natural variability Volcanic eruptions.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Volcanoes Large volcanic eruptions with high SO2 content can release SO2 into the stratosphere. This SO2 eventually combined with water vapor to make.

Advertisements

Climate. Ozone Hole over Antarctica Ban on fluorocarbons began 1979.

Earth’s Weather and Climate

AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

Factors that Influence Climate

Climate and Climate Change. Climate Climate is the average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. Climate is determined by a variety.

Changes in solar radiation are primary cause for climates to change ~10% change in solar radiation output can dramatically alter Earth’s climate Changes.

 The difference between weather and climate is a measure of time. Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, and climate.

DO NOW: COPY THIS IN COMP BOOK

The Atmosphere “Vapor Globe/Ball”. Composition  78% Nitrogen  21% Oxygen  1% Other (Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor, other gases)  78% Nitrogen.

Global Patterns Chapter 5 Lesson 3

Earth’s Energy Balance. We are Sun Powered Earth is warmed by the sun –Exception: geothermal energy The Sun adds 342 Watts of energy per square meter.

Coupled Climate Models OCEAN-ATMOSPHEREINTERACTIONS.

Earth's Atmosphere Troposphere- the layer closest to Earth's surface extending roughly 16 km (10 miles) above Earth. Densest – N, O, & water vapor Stratosphere-

Quaternary Environments Climate and Climatic Variation.

Climate change – “science catfight” or not?. The Record Of Climate Change Proxy Data.

3,2,1...Blast off! Please get out paper and read the board! *** Corrected link to second carbon footprint now on the HUB!

21.3 Climate Change. Natural Processes That Change Climate Volcanic eruptions The presence of volcanic ash, dust, & aerosols in the air increases the.

Air, Weather, and Climate

2. Climate: “average” weather conditions, but the average doesn’t stay steady. I.e. Ice ages, El Niño, etc. 1. Weather: state of the atmosphere at a given.

The Atmosphere. The atmosphere –Acts as a screen against harmful radiation –Retains heat allowing for life on Earth –Includes O 2 necessary for cellular.

Planetary Atmospheres, the Environment and Life (ExCos2Y) Revision Chris Parkes Rm 455 Kelvin Building.

Natural Variations in Climate. 1. El Nino and La Nina Natural changes in climate due to warmer or cooler than normal surface water in the eastern Pacific.

Aim: How can we use a heat budget to determine climate? DO NOW: TAKE SCRAP and get ready. DO NOW: TAKE SCRAP and get ready.

What is the cause of the seasons on Earth? What is the difference between weather and climate? Is today’s climate normal for Earth? Is continental glaciation.

Composition of the Atmosphere  A mixture of chemical elements and compounds: –Nitrogen (N 2 ) ~ 78% –Oxygen (O 2 ) ~ 21% –Other gases ~ 1%

Climate Part 1 I. What is climate? Forces that drive climate and their global patterns A. Solar Input – Earth’s energy budget B. Seasonal cycles C. Atmospheric.

Climate: It’s All About the Sun!!! Or, Is It? Chris Fairall, NOAA ESRL Introduction, background on climate system Black body radiation basics The sun vs.

Heat Transfer Earth’s atmosphere moves (transfers) heat around in three ways: 1. Radiation (infrared, UV, etc…) The ground or the air can absorb infrared.

The Atmosphere. The atmosphere is essential to life as it provides oxygen for animals, carbon dioxide for plants, it stabilizes the differences in temperatures.

Earth is surrounded by a mixture of gases known as the Atmosphere

APES 10/23 and 24 No Warm-Up today

16-1 Environmental Geology James Reichard Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Atmospheric Basics Section 11.1 Section Atmospheric Composition Energy is transferred throughout Earth’s atmosphere Energy is transferred throughout.

Discuss the relationship between climate and biomes.

1. The atmosphere 2 © Zanichelli editore 2015 Characteristics of the atmosphere 3 © Zanichelli editore 2015.

Atmospheric Circulation. Weather & Climate Weather Climate.

The Atmosphere Earth Science Mr. Barry. Atmospheric Composition The atmosphere is mainly Oxygen (21%) and Nitrogen (78%) Other major gases include Argon,

Weather Unit Foldable In the upper right hand corner write

1 Air, Weather, and Climate. 2 2 Earth’s Atmosphere  Compared to the size of the Earth (12000 km), the atmosphere is a thin shell (120 km)  Composed.

How Convection Currents Affect Weather and Climate.

Natural Causes of Climate Change. Volcanic Eruptions Eject tons of SO 2 and ash into the atmosphere. These substance reflect solar radiation back into.

Students type their answers here

Weather & Climate Review. ____________ is considered the day-to-day conditions on the Earth's surface. Weather.

Weather. Weather vs. Climate Weather: Short term, what’s happening this week in a specific location. Climate: Long term weather patterns. Decades to thousands.

The Atmosphere Today, human activity is altering the quantities of some of these variable gases CO2 CH4 N2O O3 CFCs.

Environmental Sciences Course Air Pollution and Climate Change

Natural Variations in Climate

Unit 6 (Energy Budget and Insolation) Extension-

Global energy balance SPACE

Global Climate Change Caused by Humans

Atmosphere, Climate & Biomes

Natural Climate Change

the Atmosphere’s Role in Weather

GLOBAL ENERGY BUDGET - 3 Atmosphere Basics.

Patterns in environmental quality and sustainability

NS 1300 Physical Science Studies

The Atmosphere.

Earth’s Changing Atmosphere

The Atmosphere.

b. Composition of the Atmosphere

Semester 1 Earth and Space Midterm Jeopardy A

WEATHER & CLIMATE.

Chapter 5 Ecosystems and the Physical Environment

Lesson /12/17 SWBAT explain how energy flow in the atmosphere affects weather Do Now: Pollination by native insects is considered an ecosystem.

Unit 6 Climate and Global Climate Change

Climate Change.

Air, Weather, and Climate

Presentation transcript:

Earth’s energy balance Earth’s climate system Glacial cycles Natural variability Volcanic eruptions

Key terms: –Radiation (long wave vs. short wave) –Albedo –Convection, conduction, latent heat –Greenhouse effect

Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere 0-15km 50-85km 15-50km km >400km

Equator 30˚S 60˚S Hadley Cell Ferrel Cell Polar Cell

Key Terms –Atmospheric layers (e.g. Troposphere and Stratosphere) –Hadley cell –Oceanic currents

Aphelion Perihelion

23.5˚N 23.5˚S 22.1˚-24.2˚

13,000 years Polaris Vega

Sunspot Plage

Key terms: –Milankovitch cycles Eccentricity –Aphelion –Perihelion Obliquity Precession –Sunspots Plages

Meters Seconds 10 6 (Week) (Hour) 10 8 (Year) 10 2 (Minute) Turbulence Tornadoes Thunderstorms Tropical Cyclones El Niño- Southern Oscillation

Neutral

El Niño / Warm event

La Niña / Cool event

Key terms: –Weather vs. Climate –El Niño-Southern Oscillation –Scales: time and spatial

H2OH2O CO 2 SO 2 H2H2 CO H2SH2S HCl HF

NOAA ESRL

Earth’s radiation is balanced through incoming (solar) and outgoing (longwave) radiation The atmosphere plays a role through greenhouse gases Earth’s climate can be affected by changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere and changes in solar radiation

Broecker, Wallace S The great ocean conveyor. Oceanography 4(2): Broecker, Wallace S Glacial to interglacial changes in ocean chemistry. Progress in Oceanography 11(2): Kump, Lee R., James F. Kasting, and Robert G. Crane The earth system. Prentice Hall, San Francisco, U.S.A. McCormick, M. Patrick, Larry W. Thomason, and Charles R. Trepte Atmospheric effects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption. Nature : [USGS] Unites States Geological Survey. Volcanic Gases and Their Effects. Available from: (accessed February 20, 2014).