How a Computer Processes Data With today’s technology a little knowledge about what’s inside a computer can make you a more effective user and help you.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The CPU The Central Presentation Unit What is the CPU?
Advertisements

The PC System unit: looking in the box
CS1102 Lec04 Hardware – Inside the Box Computer Science Department City University of Hong Kong.
 2002 Prentice Hall Hardware Basics: Inside The Box Chapter 2.
© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 2-1 Chapter 2 Input and Processing Chapter 2 Input and Processing.
Lesson 1 Computers and Computer Systems
Introduction to Computer Hardware. Hardware is anything you can physically touch. The Encyclopedia on the CD-ROM is software. The encyclopedia doesn’t.
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
Lesson 1 Computers and Computer Systems
Hardware Basics: Inside the Box 2  2001 Prentice Hall2.2 Chapter Outline “There is no invention – only discovery.” Thomas J. Watson, Sr. What Computers.
Computers Are Your Future Eleventh Edition Chapter 2: Inside the System Unit Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.
1 Lesson 1 Computers and Computer Systems Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC 3, 4 th Edition Morrison / Wells.
COMPONENTS OF THE SYSTEM UNIT
Processing Devices.
Lesson 3 — How a Computer Processes Data
Copyright Jim Martin Computers Inside and Out Dr Jim Martin
Chapter 3 Computer Hard ware
© Paradigm Publishing Inc. 2-1 Chapter 2 Input and Processing.
XP Practical PC, 3e Chapter 16 1 Looking “Under the Hood”
General Topics Digital Basics Instructions & Programs.
COMPUTER SYSTEM.
Lesson 2 — How Does A Computer Process Data?
1 Lesson 1 Computers and Computer Systems Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC 3, 3 rd Edition Morrison / Wells.
Computers Are Your Future Eleventh Edition Chapter 2: Inside the System Unit Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.
© Paradigm Publishing Inc. 2-1 Chapter 2 Input and Processing.
THE PARTS OF A PERSONAL COMPUTER Adrian St.Hill Faith Christian Academy Basic Computer Training August 2010.
1Copyright © Prentice Hall 2000 The Central Processing Unit Chapter 3 What Goes on Inside the Computer.
MODULE 1 Computing Essentials © Paradigm Publishing, Inc.1.
How computers work The CPU & Memory. The parts of a computer.
Lesson 3 — How a Computer Processes Data Unit 1 — Computer Basics.
SKILL AREA: 1.2 MAIN ELEMENTS OF A PERSONAL COMPUTER.
C OMPUTERS AND C OMPUTER S YSTEMS Computing Fundamentals Lesson 1, Part 2 Computer Literacy Basics Morrison & Wells.
J. Stover, CSD-HS.  A computer is an electronic device that is programmed to accept data (input), process it into useful information (output), and store.
CSCI-100 Introduction to Computing Hardware Part I.
ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM HARDWARE SOFTWARE PEOPLEWARE DATA.
Copyright © 2003 Prentice Hall, IncSlides created by Bob Koziel.
Confidentiality/date line: 13pt Arial Regular, white Maximum length: 1 line Information separated by vertical strokes, with two spaces on either side Disclaimer.
System Unit Working of CPU. The CPU CPU The CPU CPU stands for central processing unit. it is brain of computer It is most important component of the.
Basic Computer Organization Rashedul Hasan.. Five basic operation No matter what shape, size, cost and speed of computer we are talking about, all computer.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The Computer System.
Succeeding with Technology Chapter 2 Hardware Designed to Meet the Need The Digital Revolution Integrated Circuits and Processing Storage Input, Output,
How a Computer Processes Data. With today’s technology a little knowledge about what’s inside a computer can make you a more effective user and help you.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) MATTHEW BOWEN. Function  The function of the CPU is to execute all of the commands and calculations or “processes” that.
ICS2O-What is Computer and Information Science There is a wide variety of definitions for what a computer is or what it does. Our definition for the computer.
2. BASICS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ahmet Zafer Şenalp Mechanical Engineering Department.
Chapter 2.
The System Unit What is the system unit? p Fig. 4-1 Next  Case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data  Sometimes.
M211 – Central Processing Unit
 A computer is an electronic device that receives data (input), processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output).  It performs only three.
BY MANJU Lesson 21 Computer Hardware. System Components A computer system requires many components to do its job: Input: Device to input data so it can.
Brandon Halleran.  The power supply for your personal computer gives your machine all the different voltages it needs to operate properly. It is able.
Computers Are Your Future Eleventh Edition Chapter 2: Inside the System Unit Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.
Information Technology INT1001 Lecture 2 1. Computers Are Your Future Tenth Edition Chapter 6: Inside the System Unit Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education,
LECTURE 5: CPU and MEMORY. electronic components I. Four main types of electronic components in computers: 1. transistors/resistors 1. transistors/resistors.
IC 3 BASICS, Internet and Computing Core Certification Computing Fundamentals Lesson 2 How Does a Computer Process Data?
Hardware and Software By: Kyle Face. Hardware! Main computer hardware components Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer (What you can.
1 Lesson 1 Computers and Computer Systems Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC 3, 3 rd Edition Morrison / Wells.
COMPUTER SYSTEM FUNDAMENTAL Genetic Computer School THE PROCESSING UNIT LESSON 2.
The Central Processing Unit
Chapter 2 – Computer hardware
Course Name: Computer Application Topic: Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Week 3 The Components of the System Unit
Edited by : Noor Alhareqi
Introduction to Computing Lecture # 1
Edited by : Noor Alhareqi
Unit One - Computing Fundamentals
Computers Inside and Out
Basic Computer Organization
Presentation transcript:

How a Computer Processes Data

With today’s technology a little knowledge about what’s inside a computer can make you a more effective user and help you select the right computer for the job you need it to do. In this lesson you will learn how the CPU processes data and turns it into information. And you will learn about some of the basic components contained on the computer’s motherboard.

We use computers for all kinds of tasks—to predict weather, to fly airplanes, to control traffic lights, to play games, to access the Internet, to send , and so on. You might wonder how a machine can do so many things.

To understand what a computer really does takes a degree in computer engineering. But most of us don’t need that level of understanding. Instead, we need an overview for a basic understanding.

Just about all computers, regardless of size, take raw data and change it into information you can use. The process involves input, process, output, and storage (IPOS).

Input For example: You input data with some type of input device

Process The computer processes it to turn it into information.

Output You output the information to some type of output device.

Storage You store it for later retrieval.

Input, output, processing, and storage devices grouped together represent a computer system. In this lesson, we look at the components that the computer uses to process data. These components are contained within the system case.

System Cases

System Components The PC system case is the metal and plastic case that houses the main system components of the computer. Central to all of this is the motherboard or system board that mounts into the case. The motherboard is a circuit board that contains many integral components. A circuit board is simply a thin plate or board that contains electronic components.

Motherboard

Some of the most important of these components are as follows: The Central Processing Unit Memory Basic controllers Expansion ports and expansion slots

The Central Processing Unit The central processing unit (CPU), also called the microprocessor, the processor or central processor, is the brains of the computer. The CPU is housed on a tiny silicon chip.

CPU This chip contains millions of switches and pathways that help your computer make important decisions. The switches control the flow of the electricity as it travels across the miles of pathways.

The CPU knows which switches to turn on and which to turn off because it receives its instructions from computer programs. Programs are a set of special instructions written by programmers that control the activities of the computer. Programs are also known as software.

The Arithmetic/Logic Unit The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic computations and logical operations. The arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

The logical operations involve comparisons. This is simply asking the computer to determine if two numbers are equal or if one number is greater than or less than another number.

These may seem like simple operations. However, by combining these operations, the ALU can execute complex tasks. For example, your video game uses arithmetic operations and comparisons to determine what displays on your screen.

The Control Unit The control unit is the boss, so to speak, and coordinates all of the CPU’s activities. Using programming instructions, it controls the flow of information through the processor by controlling what happens inside the processor.

We communicate with the computer through programming languages. You may have heard of programming languages called BASIC, COBOL, C++, or Visual Basic. The computer does not understand our language. It only understands machine language, or binary, which is ones and zeros. This is where the control unit takes over.

The control unit reads and interprets the program instruction and changes the instruction into machine language. Recall that earlier we discussed the CPU and pathways and switches. It is through these pathways and the turning on and off of switches that the CPU represents the ones and zeros. When electricity is present, it represents a one. The absence of electricity represents a zero. After changing the instructions into machine language, the control unit then sends out the necessary messages to execute the instructions.

Assignment Place your name, date and class period at the top of a sheet of paper. Number 1-5 on the paper to answer the questions on the next slide. 1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____

Assignment What are three other names for the Central Processing Unit? 1.___ 2.___ 3.___ Which section of the CPU is the boss? 4.___ Which section of the CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations? 5.___