3: Ecology

Natural Selection Not all organisms are the same (some are resistant to antibiotic, some might have longer fingers, some might have longer beaks) If the environment changes, the organism may be able to get more food than another organism That means it can reproduce more For example

Natural Selection, continued If the food changes (invasive species, maybe?) the bird who has a beak that can get into the new flower can eat.

Natural selection Did the beak change because the environment changed? When will you see the change? Over a LONG period of time.

Did you know? Hummingbird stats: Can see UV light They lap up nectar with their tongue, not by sucking in thru “straw” Heart rate=1260 bpm Resting heart rate= 250 bpm Respiration rate= 250 breathes/min Mass= 2 to 20 grams (1cent=2 grams) Wings beat 70x sec, or 200 x/sec if diving

Use the cards to put the levels of organization in order Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organism Population Community Ecosystem Biome Biosphere

Abiotic Non-living factors (no DNA) Light, temp, pH, space, gases

Biotic living factors, have DNA

Producer makes its own food using Chloroplast (photosynthesis)

Consumer Eats for energy

Autotrophic producer What does trophic mean? energy

Heterotrophic Consumer

Population All of one type of organism in an area

Community All biotic organisms in an area

Food chain (bluck) Why are food chains not as good as food webs? Chains do not show as many interactions between organisms

Create a food web using the organisms on your sheet

Create an energy pyramid on your sheet, starting with algae

Identify your 3°Consumer Make sure you got a teacher check

Review Identify the Producer 1° Consumer 2° consumer Decomposer Source of energy

If there are 1200 calories of energy in the algae, how many are available to your 3°consumer? 1. 2 calories

Where are the bacteria? Decomposers are written outside the Energy pyramid Name some other decomposers

Where’s the energy coming from to start the food web? Sun

What is this a sketch of? Secondary succession How plant life changes over time why is this secondary? Started with soil

Lichens Combination of fungus and algae Fungus gives algae a home Algae gives fungus food (photosynthesis) They are Pioneer organism: first organism that can live on and break down rock into soil

The pioneer organism In picture is grass On rock would be lichen

The climax community Hardwood forest (depending on biome) What is biome? Name some

What is this a graph of? Carrying capacity Environment can only sustain a certain population of each creature

3 abiotic factors that cycle the carrying capacity Amount of light Amount of pollution Temperature Amount of rain, snow

3 biotic factors that cycle the carrying capacity Amount of food # predators Disease

Identify a possible population for line A Any prey (mouse, rabbit, grass)

Identify a possible population for line B Any predator of the prey in #25 Lion, hawk, owl, deer

Habitat What is it? Where an organism lives Fill in #27 (a) and (b)

Niche What is it? Role an organism has (food for…, pollinator,. Decomposer….) Fill in your answers