故事简介 莎士比亚四大喜剧之一。好心的 安东尼 ( 杰里米 - 艾朗斯 ) 为了好友的婚 事, 向刻薄的犹太人夏洛克 ( 艾尔 - 帕西 诺 ) 借钱, 还不出钱来, 就得让夏洛克割 胸前一磅肉。如果不是聪明的包西雅

小姐假扮律师出手相救, 安东尼可能 早已一命呜呼 …… 故事最精彩的地 方在于包西雅和夏洛克的针锋相对, 充满了语言的魅力和智慧的光 辉 ……

True or False 1. Shylock hated Antonio and wanted to take the chance to kill him. 2. Bassanio offered to pay Shylock much more money than Antonio had borrowed from him. T T

3. Shylock accepted Bassanio’s offer. 4. Portia, Bassanio’s wife, pretended to be a judge. 5. Bassanio recognized his wife at the court at the first sight. 6. Portia agreed to change the law a little. F T F F

The development of the story Background Antonio and Bassanio borrow 3,000 ducats from Shylock, who says if the debt is not repaid on time, Antonio must pay with one pound of his flesh.

Problem Antonio is not able to pay the debt. Shylock starts demanding his pound of flesh and brings Antonio to the Court.

The Duke tells Shylock to have mercy on Antonio and Bassanio will pay ten times the money Antonio has borrowed but Shylock insisted on having one pound of his flesh. Rising action

Portia declares Shylock may have one pound of flesh of Antonio but no more no less. And if Shylock lets one drop of Antonio’s blood fall, he will lose all his money. Climax

Shylock begs for mercy. He is punished, though not killed. Outcome

1. What did the Duke ask Shylock to do? To have mercy on Antonio. 2. What was Shylock’s reply? He demanded his pound of flesh. 3. What did Bassanio offer? He offered Shylock six thousand ducats for the three thousand that Antonio borrowed.

4. What was Shylock’s reply? He still demanded his pound of flesh. 5. Who acted as the judge? Did Bassanio know this? Portia, He didn’t know this because Portia was dressed in a lawyer’s clothes.

1. Shylock was a moneylender, who ____. A. as glad to lend money to others without conditions B. worked hard to make a lot of money C. was cruel and hated Antonio D. feared nothing 1. Shylock was a moneylender, who ____. A. as glad to lend money to others without conditions B. worked hard to make a lot of money C. was cruel and hated Antonio D. feared nothing Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.

2. Shylock lent Antonio three thousand ducats on condition that _____. A. Antonio would return the money within two months B. Antonio would return the money with a pound of flesh 2. Shylock lent Antonio three thousand ducats on condition that _____. A. Antonio would return the money within two months B. Antonio would return the money with a pound of flesh

C. Antonio would let Shylock have a pound of flesh if he failed to repay the money in time D. Shylock would not ask the money back C. Antonio would let Shylock have a pound of flesh if he failed to repay the money in time D. Shylock would not ask the money back

3. Shylock refused to have mercy on Antonio because _____. A. he hated Antonio and intended to kill him B. he had done nothing wrong and feared no judgement C. he trusted the laws of Venice and refused to change his mind D. he thought his money had gone 3. Shylock refused to have mercy on Antonio because _____. A. he hated Antonio and intended to kill him B. he had done nothing wrong and feared no judgement C. he trusted the laws of Venice and refused to change his mind D. he thought his money had gone

4. The phrase “so young a body with so wise a head” means ________. A. “such a young man with so much wealth” B. “such a young man with such great wisdom” C. “a man who increases in wisdom with his increase of age’ D. “a man who is clever” 4. The phrase “so young a body with so wise a head” means ________. A. “such a young man with so much wealth” B. “such a young man with such great wisdom” C. “a man who increases in wisdom with his increase of age’ D. “a man who is clever”

5. Antonio was not able to pay the money back to Shylock because _____. A. He lost all his ships at sea B. He didn’t want to pay the money back C. Shylock asked too much money back D. He needn’t pay the money back 5. Antonio was not able to pay the money back to Shylock because _____. A. He lost all his ships at sea B. He didn’t want to pay the money back C. Shylock asked too much money back D. He needn’t pay the money back

6. What did Shylock really want? A. He wanted three times money that he was owed B. He wanted a pound of Antonio’s flesh C. He wanted justice D. He wanted to kill Antonio 6. What did Shylock really want? A. He wanted three times money that he was owed B. He wanted a pound of Antonio’s flesh C. He wanted justice D. He wanted to kill Antonio

7. The main idea of this play most probably is ____. A. How Shylock was punished B. How Antonio was saved C. How a judgment between two merchants of Venice D. How Portia helped with the case 7. The main idea of this play most probably is ____. A. How Shylock was punished B. How Antonio was saved C. How a judgment between two merchants of Venice D. How Portia helped with the case

8. From the story we can conclude that Antonio was ________. A. A merchant who was always happy to give others advice B. A moneylender who was always ready to lend money to others 8. From the story we can conclude that Antonio was ________. A. A merchant who was always happy to give others advice B. A moneylender who was always ready to lend money to others

C. A merchant who never refused to help others D. A moneylender who was greedy and cruel C. A merchant who never refused to help others D. A moneylender who was greedy and cruel

9. According to the story, Portia was ___. A. a beautiful lady without money B. a learned young judge C. a young beautiful lady with great wisdom D. a friend of Antonio 9. According to the story, Portia was ___. A. a beautiful lady without money B. a learned young judge C. a young beautiful lady with great wisdom D. a friend of Antonio

10. What do you think the end of the story? A.Antonio was able to marry Portia. B.Shylock lost all his money and land C.Shylock got the money three times Antonio had borrowed from him D.Antonio got Shylock’s money 10. What do you think the end of the story? A.Antonio was able to marry Portia. B.Shylock lost all his money and land C.Shylock got the money three times Antonio had borrowed from him D.Antonio got Shylock’s money

Useful expressions play a game give…up in the end have mercy on... a sign of weakness pass judgment on… pay…for…

hope for… show mercy do nothing wrong be dressed as… envy sb.… change a law cut off… tear up…

offer…up do the deed bleed to death pay…back waste time pass one’s judgment.

Explanation 1. anymore=any more e.g. Are they producing this machine anymore? 2. may/might as well do sth. “ 还是做某事好；不如做某事 ” e.g. Since nobody else wants the job, we might as well let him have it. 1. anymore=any more e.g. Are they producing this machine anymore? 2. may/might as well do sth. “ 还是做某事好；不如做某事 ” e.g. Since nobody else wants the job, we might as well let him have it.

3. If you offered me…, I would still take… 本句中的 if=even if, 作 “ 即使 ” 解，引导 让步状语从句。 e.g. If the sun were to rise in the west, I would not break my word.

4. …how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none? 如果你不宽恕别人，你自己怎能 得到别人的宽恕呢？ when=if, 引导条件状语从句。

5. If you offered me six times what you have just offered… = If you offered me six times the money you have just offered 此句型结构为 : A is three (four, etc) times the size (height, length, width, etc) of…

e.g. The new building is five times the size of the old one. This street is three times the length of that one.

6. What must Antonio give Shylock if the can’t pay back the debt? 如果安东尼奥还不起借款，他还必 须给夏洛克什么？ pay back “ 还钱给某人 ” pay sb. back (sth.) pay sth. back

e.g. I will pay him back with all my heart. 我将用我的生命向他偿还。 Have you paid me back the money you owe me yet? 你向我借的钱还我了吗？

“ 惩罚、报复 ” e.g. I’ll pay him back for the trick he played on me. 他对我使坏，我得治治他。 短语联想： pay for sth. 为某事吃苦头或受惩罚 pay off 带来好结果 pay sb. off 付清工资予以解雇；贿赂某人

pay sth. off 全部偿还 pay sth. out ( 按时 ) 为某事付巨款 pay up 付清全部欠款

Post-reading 1. What is your opinion of Portia? Portia is a very wise and clever woman. 2. What is your opinion of Shylock? Shylock is a very cruel and mean man.

3. Why do you think Shylock prefers to take his pound of flesh instead of the money from Bassanio? Antonio is Shylock’s enemy, so Shylock want to use this opportunity to kill him.

4. What are the two meaning of “I’ll pay him back with all my heart” ? 1) Figurative meaning: I am very sincere and grateful to pay you back all the money. 2) Literal meaning: I will pay you back by giving my own heart/life.

1) What is usually weighed with a balance? What goes into the scales left and right? A balance is used to weigh things you want to sell. The goods for sale go into the right scale, and the weight goes into the left scale. 5. A classical balance is often used as a symbol for The Merchant of Venice.

2) Why does Portia ask Shylock whether he brought a balance? Portia asks Shylock whether he brought scales to make sure that he can only take exactly a pound of flesh from Antonio.

3) What is the deeper meaning of the balance? What is weighed in Portia’s court of law? The deeper meaning of the balance is to weigh the arguments of Shylock against the defense of Antonio. To pass judegment, the judge must find

the right balance. It is the question what is fair and just that is really weighed in Portia’s court.

Read the following sentences that could be spoken in the play. Who says what and to whom? SentenceSpoken by Spoken to “ I feel sorry for you. You ’ ve come to face an enemy with a heart of stone, who knows neither pity nor mercy. ” DuckAntonio

SentenceSpoken by Spoken to “I don’t have to give you answers that will please you.” Shylock Bassanio

SentenceSpoken by Spoken to “Don’t worry! Before he can even take one drop of your blood, he will first have to take my flesh, blood, bones and everything else.” Antonio Bassanio

SentenceSpoken by Spoken to “Don’t feel bad that a friend paid back the money you owed, but feel bad that you lost him.” AntonioBassanio

Integrating Skills

Reading on P71 1. How does Portia stop Shylock from cutting Antonio’s flesh? Portia allows Shylock to take exactly one pound of flesh from Antonio, no more, no less. She also tells Shylock that he must not let one drop of his blood fall. So Shylock gives in.

2. What does Portia say when Shylock finally agrees to take three times more than Antonio borrowed from him? She says that Shylock must give half of his money to Antonio and the other half to the city of Venice according to the law.

4. What happened to Shylock? He had to give half of his money to the city of Venice and promised to leave the other half of his money upon his death to his daughter and her husband. 3. What if the result of the trial? Does the story have a happy ending? Antonio is saved. Shylock gets punished. The story has a happy ending.

Portia declares Shylock is __________ and takes ____________________ away. Shylock is punished. a murderer all his money and land

Portia demands that Shylock cut off one pound of flesh _______ ______ without _______________. Portia saves Antonio successfully and make Shylock admits his failure. no more no less one drop of blood

stepspurposes Portia tries to persuade Shylock ________________ to Antonio. Shylock refuses and insists on _________ ____________. to have mercy on taking one pound of flesh

Portia ______the agreement between Shylock and Antonio. Shylock believes his demand is ______ and that Portia ___________ _______________. Portia asks whether Shylock brings_________ _____________. Portia makes preparation for_______ ________Portia shows Shylock is ____. checks lawful supports him and is on his side saving Antonio cruel a balance and a surgeon

Portia declares the court _____ it and the law _________ ______________ to Shylock. Portia encourages Shylock to cut ________and leads him to be an intentional and cruel ________. allows gives one pound of flesh the flesh murderer

Portia demands that Shylock cut off one pound of flesh _______ ______ without _______________. Portia saves Antonio successfully and make Shylock admits his failure. no more no less one drop of blood

Portia declares Shylock is __________ and takes ____________________ away. Shylock is punished. a murderer all his money and land

Homework 1. Retell the text in your own words. 2. Preview LANGUAGE STUDY on P Retell the text in your own words. 2. Preview LANGUAGE STUDY on P69-70.