Redesigning Pedagogy Leaders, Values and Citizenship in 21 st Century Education Are you ready for the flipped classroom? by Kwek Meek Lin Raffles Girls’ School 2 June 2015

Overview of study Background Objectives and Research questions Method and Data Findings Conclusion

Background WHAT. Flipped classroom is an instructional strategy and a type of blended learning that reverses the educational traditional arrangement by delivering content outside of classroom and moves activities traditionally considered as homework, into the classroom

Background HOW then. Content selection Delivery Tools and Medium Follow-up discussion in class Trial 1: Trigonometry (R-Formula) Derivation Print material Trial 2: Differentiation (Limits) Derivation Video Lesson (with choices)

Feedback Content was too difficult for students to understand by text alone (Time, medium) Students did not do their readings (“Critical” Knowledge, motivation) Questions did not assess understanding of what was read (Alignment)

Feedback What happened?Learning pointsComments Not quite sure how to answer questions that followed, or what to fill in the blanks Assess just the “flipped classroom materials” through recall-and- choose-answer question Do not have open- ended questions Have Fill-in-the- blanks, T/F Implement at midway of unit, lest the students go in “cold”

Objective HOW now. Content selection Background knowledge vs New knowledge Availability and Accessibility Delivery Tools and Medium Mode of delivery and Duration

Objective HOW now. Cognitive Tools Mathematical Comprehension skills Self-assessment Terminologies (mathematical vs general meaning) Activating prior knowledge Making connections Questioning and Visualizing

Question HOW now. Cognitive Tools Mathematical Comprehension skills Self-assessment To what extent do learners feel empowered and supported in their learning in the flipped classroom?

Method Approach: Ground Theory Subject: 14 classes of Year 3 students Tools: Thinking routine + Perception survey + Self-assessment Analysis: Qualitative

Method Topic: FunctionsFunctions Topic : R&F Theorem - PolynomialPolynomial Topic : R&F Theorem – RootsRoots

Findings Perception: 13% indicated positive towards FC Key words : Learn on their own Make use of class time better Helps understand topic better before class Test helps ensure thoughtfulness in conducting self-directed learning Responses

Findings Perception: Negative towards FC Key words : Difficult to understand Difficult to do the exercises Forgot to do No time to do Responses

Student Artefact

Conclusion Provisions: Opportunity for students to gain first exposure prior to class Incentive for students to prepare for class Mechanism to assess student understanding Clear connection between activities inside and outside class Clearly defined and structured scaffolds Proper time for students to carry out assignments Teacher facilitation in class + Technological assistance

Thank you Q & A