3-2 Energy Flow Page 67

A. Producers 1. Sunlight is the main source of energy for life on earth. 2. Energy gets transferred from producers, or autotrophs (make their food).

3. Organisms use sunlight to make sugar by the process of photosynthesis. A. Producers

4. An exception are the organisms living in the deep ocean where light does not reach.

A. Producers 5. When organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates, the process is called chemosynthesis.

A. Producers 6. Deep-ocean communities get energy from consuming bacteria (they use hydrogen sulfide to make food). video

B. Consumers 1. Consumers, or heterotrophs, eat other organisms.

B. Consumers 2. Herbivores eat plants.

B. Consumers 3. Carnivores eat other animals.

B. Consumers 4. Omnivores eat both plants and animals.

B. Consumers 5. Decomposers break down dead organisms (include bacteria and fungi).

B. Consumers 6. Detritivores feed on dead matter (detritus) such as plant and animal remains. – Ex: mites, earthworms, snails

Brainstorm (2 of each) Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Decomposer

C. Feeding Relationships 1. When organisms consume each other, energy is transferred.

C. Feeding Relationships 2. A food chain is the path of energy transfer from one organism to the next as it is consumed.

Organize: Start with organism that is at the top of the food chain then move down! Organisms: Tiger, Grass, Rabbit, Wolf, Fox Labels: Producer, Autotroph, Heterotroph, First Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer(Top Carnivore)

Quick Activity! Each paper has the name of an organism. Find 3 other people to form a food chain with! When you complete your group of 4, Find a table to sit down at.

C. Feeding Relationships 3. A food web includes more organisms than a food chain and shows their feeding relationships.

Quick Activity! Food Web! Using the same cards lets make a class food web using yarn! Start with the sun, move to plants, move to herbivores, finish with carnivores!

C. Feeding Relationships 4. Each step of energy transfer is called a trophic level.

C. Feeding Relationships 5. Ecological or Energy pyramids visualize the loss of energy between trophic levels.

C. Feeding Relationships 6. Only 10% of the available energy is able to pass to the next trophic level, the other 90% is lost as heat.

Quick Demo! Energy Loss!

C. Feeding Relationships 7. The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called biomass.

Project: Make an energy pyramid