Matter – Density and States of Intro to Chemistry Matter – Density and States of

Branches of Chemistry Branch Area of Emphasis Examples Organic chemistry most carbon-containing chemicals pharmaceuticals, plastics Inorganic chemistry in general, matter that does not contain carbon minerals, metals and nonmetals, semi-conductors Physical chemistry the behavior and changes of matter and the related energy changes reaction rates, reaction mechanisms Analytical chemistry components and composition of substances food nutrients, quality control Biochemistry matter and processes of living organisms metabolism, fermentation

States of Matter Most matter on Earth exists in one of three physical states: solid, liquid, or gas. A fourth state of matter, plasma, is less familiar.

States of Matter Changes in state are examples of physical changes because there is no change in the chemical composition or identity of the substance. Ice can melt back to form liquid water, and steam will condense on a cool surface to form liquid water.

Plasmas Plasmas are a lot like gases, but the atoms are different, because they are made up of free electrons and ions of an element such as neon it is made up of groups of positively and negatively charged particles. In neon gas, the electrons are all bound to the nucleus. In neon plasma, the electrons are free to move around the system.

Aurora Borealis

States of Matter Some substances are described as volatile, which means that they change to a gas easily at room temperature. Alcohol and gasoline are more volatile than water.

States of Matter Density is the amount of matter (mass) contained in a unit of volume. or How much “stuff” is packed into a given space

To Calculate Density Which substance has the highest density? Which substance has the lowest density?

Exit Ticket Use the concept of density to describe how a bag of Styrofoam balls could be heavier than a bag of stones.