Bases: A, T, C, G Codons: Genes: Chromosome: DNA Words Chapters Book

Not passed on to offspring Can be passed on to offspring MitosisMeiosis MUTATIONS IN CELL DIVISION

A single gene An entire chromosome MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT: Gene

A single gene An entire chromosome Gene 2 4 MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT:

Gene 1. Sequence Mutations 2. Frameshift Mutations

Gene 1. SEQUENCE MUTATION Pancake Panvake

A T C G

Gene 1. SEQUENCE MUTATION Pancake Panvake

Gene 2. FRAMESHIFT MUTATION Pancake Deletion: Pancake Insertion : Pancaake Panake

0

Genes Chromosome Codons

The cat ate the rat Thc ata tet her at

The cat ate the rat Thc ata tet her at

Gene REVIEW 2 THAT AFFECT A SINGLE GENE 2 Sequence/Point MutationFrameshift Mutation

An entire chromosomes MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT : 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation

An entire chromosomes 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT :

An entire chromosomes 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT :

An entire chromosomes 1.Gene duplication 2.Gene deletion 3.Gene inversion 4.Translocation MUTATIONS CAN AFFECT :

An entire chromosomes 1. GENE DUPLICATION

An entire chromosomes 2. GENE DELETION

An entire chromosomes 2. GENE DELETION

An entire chromosomes 3. GENE INVERSION

An entire chromosomes 4. TRANSLOCATION

Not passed on to offspring Can be passed on to offspring MitosisMeiosis MUTATIONS IN CELL DIVISION

How serious the results of a mutation are depends on: The type of mutation The number of genes involved The location of the mutation EFFECTS OF MUTATIONS

A mutated gene can produce a protein that doesn’t function properly. A cell could lose its ability to make one of the proteins it needs. Some mutations can cause genetic disorders. EFFECTS OF MUTATIONS

PHILADELPHIA CHROMOSOME

PKU Cystic Fibrosis Williams Syndrome Breast and ovarian cancer Sickle Cell Disease Albinism Tay-Sachs Disease SOME GENETIC DISORDERS

Rarely, if ever, is a mutation beneficial. Sickle Cell Disease (better able to survive Malaria)

It’s important to understand mutations because of the important role they are supposed to play in the theory of evolution. Origins 101 MUTATIONS

Recorded at Chattanooga Public Radio SM Classical 90.5 WSMC

Original Graphics by Ron Hight Susan Landon

Images may appear on more than one slide. Citation is given on the first slide where each image appears. [2] DNA, chromosome, and cell, Susan Landon [2a] Photo of Table of Contents page, Ron Hight [2c] Book , badahos, Thinkstock, Thinkstock Image Subscription Agreement [3a] Mitosis animation, purchased from Edumedia, sciences.com/en/a70-mitosis [3b] Meiosis animation, purchased from Edumedia, sciences.com/en/a418-meiosis [4a] DNA Susan, Landon [4b] Chromosome, Susan Landon [7b] Point mutation, Ron Hight [8] Nucleotide bases, Susan Landon [11] Frameshift deletion, Ron Hight [13] Frameshift insertion, Ron Hight Images By

[23a] Gene duplication, Ron Hight [24a] Gene deletion, Ron Hight [26a] Gene inversion, Ron Hight [27a] Translocation, Ron Hight [28a] Cell activestudio, Getty Images (US), Inc. Subscription [28b] Sperm cell , ThorstenSchmitt, Thinkstock, Thinkstock Image Subscription Agreement [31b] Chromosomes , somersault18:24, Thinkstock, Thinkstock Image Subscription Agreement Images By

Special Thanks Tim Trott, PhD Biology Professor, Southern Adventist University Foundation for Adventist Education

© Origins Curriculum Resources 2015

© Southern Adventist University 2015

© Seventh-day Adventist North American Division 2015

© General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists 2015

© SCORE Southern Center for Origins Research & Education 2015