KINEMATIC KONCEPTS. Motion  A change in position over time with respect to a reference point.

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Presentation transcript:

KINEMATIC KONCEPTS

Motion  A change in position over time with respect to a reference point.

Scalar vs. Vector Quantities  Time  Temperature  Mass  Vector, the villain Vector, the villain  Force  Velocity  Acceleration Scalar: Magnitude onlyVector: Magnitude and Direction

CFU #1: Sort these into Scalar and Vector quantities.  0. 5 meters  30 m/sec, East  5 mi., North  20 degrees Celsius  256 bytes  4000 Calories  Scalar  0.5 meters  20 degrees Celsius  256 bytes  4000 Calories  Vector  30 m/sec, East  5 mi., North

Distance vs. Displacement Distance: total length travelledDisplacement: Change in position

CFU#2 Distance vs. Displacement  A car moves 65 km due East, then 45 km due West.  A. What distance was travelled?  B. What is the total displacement?  Answer:  A. Distance = 110. km  B. Displacement = 20. km, due East. 65 km 45 km20 km

CFU#3 Distance vs. Displacement Below is the graph of the position of a quadcopter over time. The positive direction is above the ground. A.What distance does the quadcopter travel in the 7 seconds? Answer: 1.3 meters (0.8 meters up plus 0.5 meters down) B.What is the position of the quadcopter after 7 seconds? Answer: 0.5 m above the ground. C.What is the displacement of the quadcopter in the 7 seconds? Answer: 0.3 meters, up (It began 0.2 meters above the ground and ended 0.5 meters above the ground.)

Average Speed: a scalar quantity distance speedtime

Practice Problem  You ride your bike for 30. minutes at an average speed of 15 km/h. How far did you go?

CFU#4-7 distance speedtime

Avg. Speed vs. Avg. Velocity Speed: distance per timeVelocity: displacement per time

Avg. Speed vs. Avg. Velocity  Your textbook does not make a distinction between average speed and average velocity, although there is a difference. It will always say average velocity.  We will explore the subtle differences between average speed and velocity a little later… Δd or Δx v Δt

CFU #8  A cyclist maintains a constant velocity of +5.0 m/s.  Make a table showing the position of the cyclist every 10.0s for 60.0s (start at 0.0, 0.0)  At time t = 0.0, the cyclist is +250 m from point A.  How might you show this on a graph? Δd or Δx v Δt

 Remember this problem? (CFU #2)  A car moves 65 km due East, then 45 km due West. The distance travelled was 110. km, and the displacement was 20. km, East.  CFU #9 If the trip took 2.5 hours, what is the average speed? What is the average velocity? Answer: avg. speed = 44 km/hr, v = 8.0 km/hr, East

 Remember this problem? (CFU #3) CFU #10 Calculate the average speed and average velocity for the quadcopter. Answers: Average Speed = (1.3 m/7 sec) = 0.19 m/s = 0.2 m/s Average Velocity = (0.3m/7 sec) = 0.04 m/s, Up

Hi-Lo: A game of average speed and average velocity  Everyone starts at 0 on the gameboard (2 metersticks)  Positive displacements are to the right, negative to the left.  For each turn, roll a 4-sided die and a 6-sided die.  4-sided die represents the magnitude of your displacement in 10 km increments.  6-sided die represents the direction of your displacement: evens are positive, odds are negative.  Move your game piece the indicated displacement (cms represent kms)and record your move in the table. Then compute the rest of the columns in the table, and plot your position on the position vs. time graph.  Each turn represents one hour of time.  At the end of the game, the winner has the greatest difference between the magnitudes of their average speed and their average velocity.