Unit 1 Grammar and usage (Period 1) Introduction to attributive clauses

We have learned adjectives( 形容词 ) and prepositional phrases （介词短 语）, let’s read some examples: Adjectives: 1.The white chalk. 2. The red flower. 3. That handsome boy. * White, red.handsome

Prepositional phrases : 1.The team in green (The green team) 2. The girl in beautiful skirt. 3. The news about America. * In green, in beautiful skirt, about America Q: what ’ s the common point of the adjectives and the prepositional phrases? They are used as attribute （定语） to modify （修饰） the noun, pronoun( 代词 ) …

Now let’s look at another example: The team who are wearing green. The team in green. Q: Are they in the same meaning? Yes. The sentence “ who are wearing green” is also used as an attribute to modify “team” here. More examples:

The woman who lives next to us sells vegetables You must do everything that I do We call these sentences as the attributive clauses ( 定语从句 )

About the attributive clause 1. What is the attributive clause? The clause which is used as an attribute to modify a noun, a pronoun or a sentence is called the attributive clause. The woman who lives next to us sells vegetables You must do everything that I do

2. Antecedent( 先行词 ): The noun or pronoun that an attributive clause modifies is called an antecedent. For example: The woman who lives next to us sells vegetables You must do everything that I do

3. Relative words( 关系词 ) ： 1). The words that introduce( 引导 ) attributive clauses are called the relative words. For example: The woman who lives next to us sells vegetables You must do everything that I do Q: what kind of words can be used as relative words?

Relative pronouns: (Which, that, who, Whom and whose) Relative adverbs: (Where, why and when) Functions( 作用成分 ): Subject( 主语 ), object( 宾语 ), Predicative( 表语 ), attribute( 定语 ) Functions: Adverbial( 状语 ) （关系代词） ( 关系副词 ) 2). Relative words

How to decide whether it is an attributive clause or not? Method: 1 、从句是否紧跟在一名词或代词 之后。 2 、关系词是否代先行词，在从句 中担任一定的成分。 For example: 1.The man who is competing with Johnson is Liu Xiang 2.Michael Jordan is such a great player that millions of people love him. F

Let’s do some exercises. 1.Read the sentences and tick the ones with attributive clauses. 1). I’m sure that the Africa students will enjoy their stay in china. 2).The first book that I’d like to read during the holidays is travel in space. 3). I know a shop which sells really good cookies. 4). Can you tell me the reason why you came late tonight? 5). Do you know who the teacher is talking to? F F

2.Read this piece of news. Find out the attributive clauses in this article (P9) 1)David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had. 2) In 1998, he went to Oxford University where he got interested in Chinese culture. 3) Some of the cities in china which he likes most are Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin and Nanjing. 4) Most of the students that he taught have become his friends.

5) Some of the books were gifts that he got from his Chinese friends and students. 6) The paintings that David donated to the school are being displayed in the assembly hall. question: what’s the main idea of this article? Our former student David’s experience in China

The girl (who is standing there ) is Mary. Relative pronoun antecedent The girl is Mary. / She is standing there. How to combine two sentences into an attributive clause? 1 、找准主句，并确定先行词。 2 、找准关系词，来代替先行词

For example 1. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. 2. The teacher will give us a speech. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher whom we met yesterday will give us a speech subject object

For example: 3. Jack is no longer a fat boy. He used to be a fat boy Jack is no longer the fat boy who he used to be. 4. I read an interesting book yesterday. Its name is one thousand and one nights I read an interesting book whose name is one thousand and one nights predicative attribute

For example: 5.I still remember the first day. I came to school on the first day. I still remember the first day when I came to school. adverbial

Practice 1.This is the school. I studied in school five years ago 2. The teaching building looks nice. The building was put up last year. 3. Next to him stands a girl. The girl ’ s name is Tina. 4. Students like the school news. The radio club broadcasts school news.

See you next time ! Homework: 1.workbookP88: C1, C2 2. 评价手册 P12 : L6 3. Preview relative pronouns (P10) Q: Do you know the differences between the relative words?