International Public Health

Globalization and Disease in history Black death in 14th century Europe Smallpox in the Americas Great Influenza of 1918 AIDS, etc.

Contemporary Complications in Global Health Globalization Humans pushing back jungle frontier Drug resistance evolution antibiotic overuse compliance issues failing states, war, and inadequate public health infrastructure

The moral of the story: we are all in it together

Infectious disease: the big three-- malaria parasite spread by mosquitoes 500 million cases per year, 1 million die cases increasing as pesticides and drugs become less effective, global warming expanding range Bed nets New vaccine?

Malaria

big three--AIDS 1/3 population of some countries infected affects the strong and productive complicated by gender inequality, ignorance policies and treatment--Thailand, Uganda, Brazil (vs South Africa, and others)

CountryBefore AIDS2010 Angola Botswana Lesotho Malawi Mozambique Namiba Rwanda South Africa Swaziland Zambia Zimbabwe Life expectancies

Bush Administration on AIDS assistance 2003 pledged $15 billion over over 5 years some funding must promote abstinence, not condoms

Ethical questions behind policy Should dollars go where they can save the most lives? To prevention, away from treatment?

The big three--tuberculosis bacteria spread through the air one-third the world latently infected 2-3 million die per year--increasing requires (sometimes enforced) protracted treatment

TB

Financial Realities 10% of disease research goes to diseases causing 90% of deaths

Avian Flu will it become transmissible person to person?

Smoking still kills more people worldwide than AIDS increased marketing and sales in the 3rd world