McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 13: The Lymphatic System and Body Defense

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Learning Outcomes Identify the parts of the lymphatic and immune systems and discuss the function of each part. Recognize the major word parts used in building words that relate to the lymphatic and immune systems. Identify the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders of the lymphatic and immune systems. Define the major pathological conditions of the lymphatic and immune systems. Explain the meaning of surgical terms related to the lymphatic and immune systems. Recognize common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the lymphatic and immune systems.

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Structure and Function Lymphatic / Immune systems share common structures/ functions Immune system uses other systems to maintain function Both contain lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland, immune cells Lymphatic system site of collection for foreign substances

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymphatic System Reduces edema Return proteins to blood Traps / filters cellular debris Recycles body fluids Circulates lymphocytes Moves fat from GI tract to blood

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Immune System Body defense against foreign bodies Fights infections Produces antibidies immunoglobulins

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Location lymph nodes

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymph Circulation

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymphatic Vessels

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymph node

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Spleen / Thymus

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymphatic Organs Involves network of vessels Plasma can enter cellar body Interstitial fluid Provides nutrients during fluid exchange Drainage system to remove fluid Concentrates foreign bodies

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymphatic System lymph lymphatic pathways lymphatic vessels lymph node spleen thymus gland T- cells (T lymphocytes) B lymphocytes, B- cells thymosin

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Node and Vessels

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Combining Terms aden(o)gland immun(o)immunity lymph(o)lymph lymphaden(o)lymph nodes lymphangi(o)lymphatic vessels spleen(o)spleen thym(o)thymus tox(o), toxi, poison toxico

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved The Immune System Reticuloendothelial system Hematopoietic system Phagocytic system Lymphoid system

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Hematopoietic System Production of blood cells Erythrocytes (RBC) Leukocytes (WBC) Thrombocytes (platelets)

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Phagocytic System Immune / bodies defense Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland Protects the body Skin and tonsils role in defense

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Diagnostic, Procedural, Labs Assist in diagnosing medical conditions Used in combinations Lead to final diagnosis Assist in treatment planning

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Radiograph Lymphatic Vessels

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Lymphocyte Micrograph

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Diagnostics Review enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay EIA, ELISA western blot

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Pathological Terms Diseases attack lymph tissue, spread by lymphatic pathways, flourish when immunity suppressed, over reacting to invader, attack the body itself

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved HIV Virus

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved T- / B- cell activation

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Kaposi Sarcoma

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Opportunistic Process Infection TypeArea Candidiasiscaused by fungus, Candida albicans GI, Respiratory Skin, reproductive Cytomegaloviruscaused by fungus, Candida albicans Infect cells or organs, eyes, cause swelling

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Opportunistic Process Kaposi’s sarcoma malignancy arising from capillary linings skin and lymph nodes (MAI) MAIcaused by bacterium found in soil and water systemic infection with fever diarrhea, lung and blood disease and wasting

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Opportunistic Process Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) caused by parasite lungs—a particularly dangerous type of pneumonia

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved How HIV is transmitted Sexual contact Contaminated needles During birth Blood transfusion

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved How HIV is not transmitted Casual contact Objects: toilet seats, deodorant, doorknobs, mosquitoes Sneezing / coughing Sharing food Swimming with infected person

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Allergic Response Allergies are a disorder of the immune system that affect millions of people every year.

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Common Allergies

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Immediate-reaction Allergy

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Pharmacological Terms Chemotherapy / Radiation Managed for symptoms AIDS / “cocktails” Antiviral drugs = block growth Antimicroorganism agent = pentamidine prevents PC

McGraw-Hill © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved Chapter Review Identify the parts of the lymphatic and immune systems and discuss the function of each part. Recognize the major word parts used in building words that relate to the lymphatic and immune systems. Identify the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders of the lymphatic and immune systems. Define the major pathological conditions of the lymphatic and immune systems. Explain the meaning of surgical terms related to the lymphatic and immune systems. Recognize common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the lymphatic and immune systems.