Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities: Research-Based Practices Second Edition © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. UNDERSTANDING STUDENTS WITH LEARNING DISABILIIES, ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER, AND OTHER HEALTH IMPAIRMENTS Chapter 2

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2 Chapter objectives Compare and contrast the characteristics of a disability and the effect on learning and behavior, from mild to more significant involvement.

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3 Chapter objectives continued Describe some of the causes of LD and the characteristics of students who receive special education services under this eligibility category.

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4 Chapter objectives continued Describe some of the causes of ADHD and the characteristics of students who receive special education services under this eligibility category.

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 5 Chapter objectives continued Describe some of the causes of OHI and the characteristics of students who receive special education services under this eligibility category.

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6 Students with learning disabilities Causes Genetic factors Environmental factors Childhood illnesses and accidents Findings in neuroscience

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 7 Characteristics of learning disabilities Early signs Speech and language Attention Fine motor skills Gross motor skills

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8 Characteristics of learning disabilities continued School-age children and youth Memory Attention Fine and gross motor skills Literacy (reading and writing) Mathematics Oral language: expressive, receptive, and processing skills

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9 Characteristics of learning disabilities continued School-age children and youth continued Pragmatics Organization Behavior

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10 Students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Causes Genetic factors Biological factors Environmental factors Findings in neuroscience

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 11 Characteristics of ADHD Early signs High levels of activity beyond that expected of young children Attention

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 12 Characteristics of ADHD continued School-age children and youth Attention Activity Impulsivity

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13 Students with other health impairments (OHI) Causes Prenatal factors Perinatal factors Postnatal factors Environmental factors

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 14 Characteristics of OHI Early signs School attendance Questions and fears Feelings of anger

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 15 Characteristics of OHI continued School-age children and youth School attendance Questions and fears Feelings of anger Lowered or elevated levels of alertness

Teaching Students with Mild and Moderate Disabilities, Second Edition Cohen and Spenciner © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 16 Knowledge and understanding of students… Provide a starting point for conversations and planning. Assist educators implement appropriate learning opportunities, support, and experiences that address student specific needs and abilities.