Earth’s Age + Evidence

WARM UP Write your homework – leave it to be stamped! Get your homework out to be checked! Update your Table of Contents for today! Get something to grade your Vocab Quiz with! DateSession # ActivityPage # 11/15 & 11/18 7Earth’s Age & Evidence Note guide 13 The Great Fossil Find Poster Instructions 14

Notes Tips for Today Anything in yellow you MUST write on your note guide Pictures and diagrams are great things to draw to help you remember vocab and ideas! Underlined or bold words that are underlined or bold in PowerPoint BECAUSE THEY ARE IMPORTANT !

How old is the Earth? Earth is around 4.6 BILLION years old.

BIG QUESTION: HOW DO WE KNOW HOW OLD THE EARTH IS?

BIG ANSWER: Everything coming up in the next few lessons provides an answer to the BIG QUESTION!

Law of Superposition Law of Superposition– Under normal conditions, the layers of sediment get older the deeper you get

Examples of Law of Superposition Just like a layered cake…you put the bottom layer down first, so it is the “oldest” and you fill in each layer on top of it! What examples can you come up with? Draw your own picture illustrate the concept!

We Have a Problem… There are several things can mess up the Law of Superposition called unconformities Types of unconformities: 1 – intrusion 2 – overturning 3 - faults

Unconformity Unconformity- A break or an irregularity in the geologic time sequence due to a geologic event. “Missing Information”

1. Intrusion An intrusion is igneous rock that cuts through layers of sedimentary rock. The intrusion is younger than any other rock layer it cuts through. intrusion

2. Overturning Overturning is when rock layers are folded due to gravity, erosion, or shifts in Earth’s crust.

3. Faults Faults are cracks, fractures or shifts in Earth’s crust Fault

Law of Superposition Practice Which type of unconformity do you see in the diagram? Can you put the layers in order from oldest to youngest?

Law of Superposition Practice Which types of unconformity do you see in the diagram? Can you put the layers in order from youngest to oldest?

What is This?

Fossils Fossil – traces or remains of living things from long ago that help sort out the sedimentary rock record Index Fossils – common fossils that are used as a “reference” to date other fossils

Types of Fossils BrainPOP Video

The Great Fossil Find Choose a partner to work with…I will give you 1 minute to move all of your stuff so that you are sitting with your partner and be ready to listen! Work together to determine what type of animal your fossil is! The activity guide must be turned in by the end of class! r.fs.fd.html

Homework 1.Bring a bag of Skittles next class! 2.The Great Fossil Find Poster due in 2 classes!

Warm-Up Update your Table of Contents Get your vocabulary cards out to be checked (remember I’m checking days 1 & 2) Tape “Other Ways of Determining Age” into page 16 of your Interactive Notebook DateSession # ActivityPage # 9/17 8“Other Ways of Determining Age” Reading Comprehension 16 Determining Age Note Guide17 Silent Stations Skill Practice Answer Sheet18

Review What were some things we talked about last class that help us determine how old Earth really is?

The Butler walks to work The Handyman rides a bike The Cook rides a motorcycle The Maid drives a car The Nephew has a seeing-eye dog

Time for more specific evidence…

Relative Age Relative Age - the age of an event or object in relation to other events or objects –Use words like older, younger, around the same time, etc…

Absolute Age Absolute Age - The actual age of an event or object –Use techniques to figure out actual age Radioactive dating, carbon dating Lived: 1 million years ago 2 million years ago 3 million years ago 4 million years ago

Types of Dating Radioactive (Radiometric) Dating – If you know how much radioactive materialwas initially present in the sample and you know the half-life of the material, you can calculate the age of the sample. Carbon Dating – Using the amount of carbon in fossil remains to determine the age - sample must have been alive to use carbon dating!

What’s a “half-life?” Half-life – the length of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive material to change This break down occurs at a constant rate depending on the substance

Types of Dating BrainPOP Video – Carbon Dating Half-life Practice

Skittles Half-Life Lab

Questions??

“SILENT STATIONS” Be sure to tape the station guide into your notebook!

Homework Vocab Set 2 – Day 3

Warm-Up Update your Table of Contents for today’s activities Get your vocab cards out to be checked Review your “Silent Stations” guide and see if you have any questions DateSession # ActivityPage # 9/19 9Ice Cores & Tree Rings – Notes and Lab19 Vocab Set 2 Practice Quiz20 Homework: Argumentative Writing Prompt21

Homework: Argumentative Writing Prompt COPY NOW ONTO PAGE 21! Analyze the information you have learned about ice cores and tree rings and answer the following: Which of the two tools is more useful? Defend your answer using 3 pieces of evidence to support your decision.

“Silent Stations” Take the first 20 minutes to complete your remaining stations. I am the “Answer Key” station if you are finished and would like to check your answers to make corrections

Just a Few More Pieces of Evidence… We’ve already talked about: Law of Superposition Unconformities (Intrusion, Overturning, Fault) Fossils/Index Fossils Absolute & Relative Age Carbon Dating & Radioactive Dating We are missing: Ice Cores Tree Rings

Remember The Law of Uniformitarianism? The earth is a constantly changing place. Climate change is part of that and the climate can gradually change over hundreds, thousands or millions of years. Ice cores and tree rings are tools to help scientists figure out how the climate has changed in the past.

Ice Cores Ice Core- a tubular sample of ice that shows the layers of snow and ice that have built up over thousands of years literally freezing the events of the past

What types of things do you think get “trapped” in these ice cores?

local temperature records atmospheric composition data dust, ash or sediment plant spores bubbles of gas or radioactive material * All of this information together presents a well rounded picture

Ice Cores Day After Tomorrow Clip Video Clip at Discovery Education: fm?guidAssetId=179C023D-B3CE-46A6- BECD- FB5978AB7A01&blnFromSearch=1&prod uctcode=US

Tree Rings Another tool for studying climate change over the life span of the tree The width of tree rings varies, depending on how much the tree grows in various years Thick ring= good year for growth Thin ring= poor growth, little rainfall

Tree Ring Practice B A C D

Tree Ring & Ice Core Lab Everyone needs to follow directions and act appropriately!! One person in your group needs to be in charge of getting supplies One person in your group needs to be in charge of disposal/return of supplies One person needs to be in charge of making sure everyone is writing the answers One person needs to be in charge of answering questions for your group (spokesperson) DECIDE YOUR ROLES NOW

Homework Vocabulary Set 2 Practice Quiz Argumentative Writing Prompt

The Birth of the Earth M8KFI