Figure 8.2, A voltage amplifier Figure 8.2 Simple voltage amplifier model Figure 8.3 Please see pages 410~412 Eq. 8.1~ 8.8

Figure Operational amplifier model symbols, and circuit diagram Figure 8.4

Figur e Inverting amplifier Figure 8.5 (1) Please see page 414 Eq. 8.11~ 8.19 (2) Also, please see page 415 Eq. 8.22~ 8.23 for LO2

Figure Summing amplifier Figure 8.7 Please see text & page 418 Eq. 8.24~ 8.28

Figu re 8.8, Noninverting amplifier Figure 8.8 Voltage follower Figure 8.9 (1) Please see page 419 Eq. 8.29~ 8.36 (2) Also, please see page 420 Eq for LO2

Figure Differential amplifier Figure 8.10 Please see page 421 Eq. 8.38~ 8.42

(Ch. 6, p. 317)

Figure 8.14, Instrumentation amplifier Figure 8.14 Input (a) and output (b) stages of Instrumentation amplifier Figure 8.15

08_18a.jpg

08_18b.jpg

08_18c.jpg

08_18d.jpg

08_18e.jpg

Please see page 434 on the Top

Please see next page first

Figure Op-amp circuits employing complex impedances Figure 8.20

Figure 8.21, Active low-pass filter Figure 8.21 Normalized response of active low-pass filter Figure 8.23 Please see next page for Eq. 8.47~ 8.50

Figure 8.24, Active high-pass filter Figure 8.24 Normalized response of active high-pass filter Figure 8.25 Please see pages 438~439 Eq. 8.54~ 8.56

Figure 8.26, Active bandpass filter Figure 8.26 Normalized amplitude response of active bandpass filter Figure 8.27 Please see pages 439~440 Eq. 8.58~ 8.60

Zs(jw)

Figure Op-amp integrator Figure 8.30 (1) Please see page 443 Eq. 8.63~ 8.67 (2) Please see page 443 Example 8.7

08_34a-b.jpg Example 8.8 Proportional=Integral Control with Op-Amps

08_34c.jpg R 1 but not R 2

08_34d.jpg

08_34e.jpg

Figure Op-amp differentiator Figure 8.35 Please see page 449 Eq. 8.68~ 8.70

9

Figure Elements of the analog computer Figure

9

Figure 8.38, Solution by repeated integration Analog computer simulation of suspension system Figure 8.39 Figure 8.38

Scaling Voltage, Please see Eq. (8.80) on page 452

9

10

-

11

sin(10t)

Figure 8.45, Open-loop gain of practical op-amp Figure 8.45 Figure 8.46

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14

15

16

Figure 8.52, Slew rate limit in op-amps The maximum slope of a sinusoidal signal varies with the signal frequency Figure 8.53 Figure 8.52

Figure 8.55, Figure 8.55 Distortion introduced by short-circuit current limit Figure 8.56