A healthy, active lifestyle and your muscular system Year 10 GCSE PE A healthy, active lifestyle and your muscular system

Label the diagram provided with the muscles learnt last lesson. Starter Label the diagram provided with the muscles learnt last lesson. 2

Learning Objectives 1. Can I explain the role of the muscular system during physical activity? (continued) 2. Can I explain the difference between isometric and isotonic muscle contractions? 3

Movements at joints… Flexion - The bending of a joint so that the bones forming the joint are brought closer together. Extension - The straightening of a joint so that the bones forming the joint are moved farther apart 4

Movements at joints… Abduction - to move away from the midline plane of the body Adduction – to bring back towards the midline plane of the body 5

Muscle action table Muscle Muscle action Trapezius Rotates shoulder joint Gastrocnemius Plantar flexion of the foot (pointing your toes) Latissimus dorsi Draws the arm back and in towards the body Abdominals Flex, rotate and bend the trunk Gluteals Extend the leg at the hip 6

Task In your pairs, discuss the sporting example provided on the picture - What joint is the movement occurring at? - What movement has occurred at the joint? - Which muscle is contracting? - Which muscle is relaxing? 7

Types of Muscle Contractions There are two types of muscle contractions you need to know about: 1). Isometric contractions 2). Isotonic Contractions (of which there are two types) 8

Muscle Contraction (Isometric) Muscles contract in 3 ways When muscles are working but stay the same length this is called isometric contraction. There is no movement The arms can now work effectively to complete the exercise

Muscle Contraction (Isotonic) In Isotonic contractions our muscles create movement as they contract There are two types of Isotonic contraction When a muscle shortens as it contracts this is called a concentric contraction An example of this would be the bicep when lifting the weight while doing a ‘curl’ When a muscle lengthens while still being tense this is called an eccentric contraction This happens as you lower the weight under control while doing a curl

Homework Complete the exam questions. Due in Thursday 8th May. 11

Plenary One partner to perform a movement with a body part – the other partner to identify the muscle contracting 12