Rise of the industrial revolution

Pre-industrial society England- mainly composed of small farming villagesEngland- mainly composed of small farming villages Inefficient methods of farming were usedInefficient methods of farming were used Greater population and less food forced England to improve its farming techniquesGreater population and less food forced England to improve its farming techniques

Agricultural Revolution Enclosure Movement- Began the ag. RevolutionEnclosure Movement- Began the ag. Revolution Fences put up to separate fieldsFences put up to separate fields Sheep grazing and wool made landowners richSheep grazing and wool made landowners rich Crop Rotation- crops are rotated to keep the land fertileCrop Rotation- crops are rotated to keep the land fertile Seed Drill-device that planted seeds into the groundSeed Drill-device that planted seeds into the ground Reduced amount of seeds needed to grow cropsReduced amount of seeds needed to grow crops New Crops- potatoNew Crops- potato Cheap and easy to grow, food for the poorCheap and easy to grow, food for the poor

Effects of the agricultural Rev. Better techniques more food greater population Growth of Cities

Cottage industry & early capitalism Cottage Industry-new economic system based on supply and demandCottage Industry-new economic system based on supply and demand Mass production of products that were in demandMass production of products that were in demand Earliest stage of capitalismEarliest stage of capitalism The work was done in homesThe work was done in homes No boss, no time clock, no quotasNo boss, no time clock, no quotas

Textile industry & factory system Cottage Industry couldn’t keep up with the demand for productsCottage Industry couldn’t keep up with the demand for products New inventions made textile work faster and easierNew inventions made textile work faster and easier Spinning Jenny, water frame, power loom and cotton ginSpinning Jenny, water frame, power loom and cotton gin Machines were too large to fit in a houseMachines were too large to fit in a house Factory system beganFactory system began People moved to cities to work in factoriesPeople moved to cities to work in factories

Steam engine Factories needed power to run machinesFactories needed power to run machines James Watt-perfected an efficient steam engineJames Watt-perfected an efficient steam engine Heated water turns into steam, steam is pushes turnstilesHeated water turns into steam, steam is pushes turnstiles Steam engine allowed factories to be built away from water sourcesSteam engine allowed factories to be built away from water sources

transportation Need for better transportationNeed for better transportation Companies need to transport goods quickly and cheaplyCompanies need to transport goods quickly and cheaply InventionsInventions John Macadam- asphalt roadsJohn Macadam- asphalt roads Canals-allowed ships to move goods inlandCanals-allowed ships to move goods inland RailroadsRailroads George Stephenson-built the RocketGeorge Stephenson-built the Rocket Train that went 29mphTrain that went 29mph Fast and efficient means of travelFast and efficient means of travel

Why britain led the industrial revolution GeographyGeography Lots of natural resourcesLots of natural resources Iron, coal and waterIron, coal and water Climate made textile production easyClimate made textile production easy Separated from the wars on the continentSeparated from the wars on the continent