Matter

What is Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Includes all solids, liquids, and gases.

Types of Matter Elements: Made of one type of particle, that cannot be broken down by physical or chemical means. ▫All elements are listed on the periodic table of the elements ▫Can use element name or symbol

Types of Matter

Compounds: A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined. ▫Compounds are combinations of elements ▫Can use compound names, combinations of symbols, or common names. ▫Some common compounds to know: water(H 2 O), oxygen(O 2 ), carbon dioxide(CO 2 ), glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), and salt(NaCl).

Types of Matter Compounds are atoms that are bonded together.

Types of Matter Mixtures: two or more substances (elements and compounds) that are mixed together but NOT chemically combined. There are 2 types of mixtures

Types of Matter Heterogeneous: A mixture in which parts are unevenly distributed.  Colloids are types of heterogeneous mixtures where the parts are relatively small. They include things like fog, smoke, milk, and jello. They do not settle and they scatter light.  Suspensions are types of heterogeneous mixtures where the particles are relatively big. They include things like muddy water, and orange juice. The particles will settle to the bottom over time.

Types of Matter Colloids scatter light

Types of Matter Homogeneous: A mixture in which parts are evenly distributed. ▫Solutions are types of homogeneous mixtures that have a solute which is the solid part, and a solvent which is the liquid part. The particles are so small that they will not settle or scatter light

Properties of Matter Properties are characteristics that describe matter. There are two types: physical and chemical.

Properties of Matter Physical Properties are characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into another substance.  Examples: Weight, mass, color, texture, density, boiling point, solubility, pH (acid or base), odor.

Properties of Matter Chemical Properties are characteristics that describe how a substance can change into another substance.  Examples: Describes if a substance will rust, decompose, burn, or combine with other substances.

Changes in Matter Changes describe the substance changing from its original form or state into something new.

Changes in Matter Physical Changes are changes that do NOT change the identity of the substance.  Examples: tearing paper, boiling water, freezing water, mixing salt into water. In each case the substances still have the same chemical composition.

Changes in Matter Chemical Changes are changes where new substances are formed.  Examples: decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, metals rusting, burning paper. In each case new substances are formed.

Changes in Matter Law of Conservation of Mass: States that in a chemical or physical change matter is not created or destroyed.