ELEMENTS, ISOTOPES, IONS & BONDS MAIN IDEAS 1.ATOMS VS. ELEMENTS 2.ATOMIC VARIATION S 3.TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS Objective Identify and define Elements,

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ELEMENTS, ISOTOPES, IONS & BONDS MAIN IDEAS 1.ATOMS VS. ELEMENTS 2.ATOMIC VARIATION S 3.TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS Objective Identify and define Elements, Isotopes, Ions & Chemical Bonds on IaN pg. 25 utilizing Venn diagrams on IaN pg. 24 to compare and contrast them. I am not a product of my circumstances. I am a product of my decisions. Stephen Covey IaN pg. 25

Ions vs. Isotopes & Covalent vs Ionic IaN pg. 24 IonsIsotopes Covalent BondIonic Bond

ELEMENTS  Pure substance  One type of atom  Elements are unique because of the number of protons in the nucleus of their atoms 79 protons = gold 6 protons = carbon 17 protons = chlorine

ISOTOPES Isotopes are atoms of the same kind, except they have different numbers of neutrons than “normal”. Same protons and electrons, but different mass (amu).

ION An atom with a charge Atoms can gain or lose electrons to become an ion.

CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS Two or more elements combine in a specific proportion to form a new substance with different properties. Chemical & Physical Properties of elements change when the same elements are combined in a compound Compound : meaning “to put together” Latin

Molecules with regions that are more + or – (H 2 O) Known as POLARITY Covalent compounds that share electrons unevenly Caused by the structure atoms within compounds Results in COHESION between the same molecules &/or ADHESION between different molecules. VAN DER WAALS FORCES ADHESION COHESION

Molecules with regions that are more + or – (H 2 O) Known as POLARITY Covalent compounds that share electrons unevenly Caused by the structure atoms within compounds Results in COHESION between the same molecules &/or ADHESION between different molecules. VAN DER WAALS FORCES

POLARITY DEMONSTRATION

Chemical Bonds The “glue” that holds compounds together by electrons being shared or transferred between atoms Form to fill VALENCE SHELL = Atomic Stability 2 Main Types Ionic Bonds Covalent Bonds

IONIC BONDS Atoms transfer (give and take) electrons to form ions Ions are atoms with a + or – charge due to a different # of electrons than “normal” Cations = + charge atom ( Protons > Electrons) Anions = - charge atom ( Protons < Electrons) Oppositely charged ions attract to form ionic compounds

COVALENT BONDS Atoms share one or more electrons = covalent bond Single Covalent Bond = 1 pair of shared electrons ( H 2 ) Double Covalent Bond = 2 pairs of shared electrons ( O 2 ) Triple Covalent Bond = 3 pairs of shared electrons ( N 3 )

O 2 Double Covalent Bond = 2 pairs of electrons shared

N 3 Triple Covalent Bond =3 pairs of electrons shared

Ions vs. Isotopes & Covalent vs Ionic IaN pg. 24 IonsIsotopes Covalent BondIonic Bond

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