Drill: Determine the KQ/HQ ratio to make a buffer solution with a pH of 4.70 K a for HQ = 3.0 x 10 -5

Drill: Calculate [H 2 Q], [HQ - ], [Q -2 ], [H + ], & pH of 0.20 M KHQ. Ka 1 = 2.0 x Ka 2 = 8.0 x 10 -9

Solubility

The amount of one substance that will dissolve in another

Precipitation When dissolved particles join together forming a new phase and exit the solution

Precipitate (ppt) The new phase that forms and leaves the solution

Ppt Examples Water vapor combining to form rain Dissolved ions combining to form a solid

Saturated Solution When the maximum amount of one substance is dissolved in another

Precipitation When more than the maximum amount of solute is added to a solution, a ppt will form

Write the equilibrium expression for AgCl (s) Ag + + Cl -

Solubility Product MX (s) M + (aq) + X - (aq) Ksp =[M + ][X - ]

Solubility Product MX 2(s) M +2 (aq) + 2 X - (aq) Ksp =[M +2 ][X - ] 2

Drill: Write the equilibrium expression for: Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3

Drill: Write the reaction & equilibrium expression when solid Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 is added to water.

Solubility Calculations

Calculate the solubility of BaSO 4(s) Ksp = 1.2 x

Solubility Product BaSO 4(s) Ba +2 (aq) + SO 4 -2 (aq) Ksp =[Ba +2 ][SO 4 -2 ]

Calculate the solubility of SrCr 2 O 7(s) Ksp = 2.5 x

Calculate the solubility of PbI 2(s) K sp = 8.0 x 10 -9

Calculate the solubility of Mn 2 S 3(s) K sp = 1 x

Drill: Calculate the solubility of M 3 X 4 K sp for M 3 X 4 = 6.9 x

Solubility Concepts AgI (s) Ag + + I - K sp = [Ag + ][I - ] at Eq. Q sp = [Ag + ][I - ] init.

Solubility Concepts If Q sp > K sp a precipitate will form If Q sp < K sp no precipitate will form

150 mL M KI is added to 100 mL M Pb(NO 3 ) 2. K sp for PbI 2 = 8.0 x Will a ppt form?

AP CHM HW Read: Chapter 16 Problem: 13 Page: 463

CHM II HW Read: Chapter 20 Problem: 17 Page: 843

Drill: 10.0 mL M KCl is added to 15 mL M Pb(NO 3 ) 2. K sp = 1.7 x Will a ppt form?

Drill: Calculate the solubility of AgI (s) K sp = 1.5 x

Common Ion Solubility Calculations

Calculate the solubility of AgI (s) in 0.10 M NaI K sp = 1.5 x

Common Ion Effect Solubility of a solid is reduced when one of its ions is already in solution

Calculate the solubility of MZ 2(s) in 0.20 M M(NO 3 ) 2 K sp = 2.0 x

Calculate the solubility of M 2 Z 3(s) in 0.20 M M(NO 3 ) 3 K sp = 2.0 x

AP CHM HW Read: Chapter 16 Problems: 18 Page: 463

CHM II HW Read: Chapter 20 Problems: 19 Page: 844

Drill: Calculate the solubility of CaCO 3 in water. K sp = 4.9 x

Calculate the solubility of PbI 2(s) in M NaI K sp = 3.2 x 10 -8

Aqueous NaI is added (dropwise) to a solution of 0.10 M AgNO 3(s) & 0.10 M CuNO 3 AgI K sp = 1.0 x CuI K sp = 5.1 x

Aqueous KCl is added (dropwise) to a solution of 0.10 M AgNO 3 & 0.10 M Cu(NO 3 ) 2 AgCl K sp = 1.8 x Cu Cl 2 K sp = 5.1 x

Test on Thursday or Friday

Drill: Calculate the solubility of PbS (s) K sp = 1.0 x

Review

Calculate the solubility of PbCl 2(s) K sp = 1.6 x 10 -5

Calculate the solubility of Sc(OH) 3(s) K sp = 2.7 x

Calculate the pH of Ca(OH) 2 in solution. K sp = 4.0 x 10 -6

Calculate the pH of LiCO 3 in soln K sp = 8.2 x K a1 = 4.4 x K a2 = 4.7 x

Calculate the solubility of AgI (s) in 0.20 M NaI K sp = 1.5 x

The solubility of MX 2(s) is 2.0 x M. Calculate its K sp

Aqueous MgCl 2 is added (dropwise) to a solution of 0.10 M KOH & 0.10 M K 2 SO 4 Mg(OH) 2 K sp = 6.0 x Mg SO 4 K sp = 5.6 x 10 -5

Drill: The solubility of YF 3 is 2.0 x Calculate the value of K sp.