被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用 被动语态。被动语态由助动词 be+ 过去分词构成，时态通过 be 表现出 来。 被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的 主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用 被动语态。被动语态由助动词 be+ 过去分词构成，时态通过 be 表现出 来。

His brother washes bowls every day. 主 谓 宾 ( 受动者 ) Bowlsare washedbyhis brother every day. 改为被动语态

They play football on Sunday. They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beilun. We make these machines in Beilun. People speak English as the first language in UK. People speak English as the first language in UK. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. Computers are often used by them in class. These machines are made in Beilun. English is spoken as the first language in UK. 你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？

1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S( 主语） +am/is /are + 过去分词

He looked after the little baby yesterday. 主 谓 宾 ( 受动者 ) The little baby was looked afterbyhim yesterday.

They built the tall building last year. They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting. They used this room for resting. They planted many trees years ago. They planted many trees years ago. The tall building was built by them last year. His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday. Our classroom was cleaned by us just now. This room was used for resting by them. Many trees were planted by them years ago.

2. They bought ten computers last term ． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时： S+was/were + 过去分词

Tom will clean the room tomorrow. 主 谓 宾 ( 受动者 ) The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.

We will have a sports meeting next week. We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring. The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring. Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow. Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow. A sports meeting will be had by us next week. Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow. A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon. Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring. The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.

3.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will+be+ 过去分词

4 ． Amy can take good care of Gina ． Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+ 过去分词

1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well. 5.Jim could do it yesterday. The baby can be taken care of by him. The picture may be drawn by Lucy. The lights must be turned off by you. English should be learned well by them. It could be done by Jim yesterday.

练习： 1.Many people speak English. 2.They made computers in the U.S.A. 3.People used knives for cutting things. 4.People used metal for making machines. 5.They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou. 6.They speak English in Canada.

7.They write business letters in English. 8.They grow rice in South China. 9.They plant many trees in North China. 10.Lu Xun wrote this book. 11.The workers built some bridges. 12.We can use the box as a table. 13.We should clean the classroom everyday

被动语态中的特殊情况 1. 不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语 态时，仍然要带上介词。 e.g. The students listen to the teacher carefully in class. 被动句： The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class. e.g. They look after the new students in the school. e.g. They look after the new students in the school. 被动句： The new students are looked after by them in the school.

2. 当动词带有复合宾语 ( 有宾补 ), 并且宾补是省去 “ to ” 的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上 “ to ” e.g. They make us do all the work. e.g. They make us do all the work. 被动句： We are made to do all the work by them. e.g. We often hear her sing songs. e.g. We often hear her sing songs. 被动句： She is often heard to sing songs by us. e.g. I saw him walk to school. e.g. I saw him walk to school. 被动句： He was seen to walk to school by me. 这些动词真奇怪，主动句中 to 离开，被动句中 to 回 来。（ let ， have ， make ， feel ， see,watch, hear,notice … )

3. 当动词带双宾语时 ( 一个宾语是指人，一个是指 物 ) ，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时， 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语 提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前 应加 “ to ” 或 “ for ” 。常见加 to 的动词有 give ， send, teach ， write, show, pass, ask, tell … 常见加 for 的动词有 make, draw, buy … 3. 当动词带双宾语时 ( 一个宾语是指人，一个是指 物 ) ，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时， 另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语 提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前 应加 “ to ” 或 “ for ” 。常见加 to 的动词有 give ， send, teach ， write, show, pass, ask, tell … 常见加 for 的动词有 make, draw, buy … e.g. He gives me a flower everyday. e.g. He gives me a flower everyday. 被动 1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动 1 I am given a flower by him everyday. 被动 2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. 被动 2 A flower is given to me by him everyday. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. e.g. My mother bought me a computer. 被动 1 I was bought a computer by my mother. 被动 1 I was bought a computer by my mother. 被动 2 A computer was bought for me by my mother. 被动 2 A computer was bought for me by my mother.

练习：将下列句子变为被动句。 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. 1.Li Lei listens to his father carefully. 2.The mother looked after the baby in the room. 2.The mother looked after the baby in the room. 3.We took care of the things. 3.We took care of the things. 4.They gave us some work. 4.They gave us some work. 5.The boy made them laugh all the time. 5.The boy made them laugh all the time. 6.My mother buys me a bike. 6.My mother buys me a bike.

1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives ______ ______ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month. are used are cleaned ( 变被动语态）

5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. He ______ _______ _______ _______ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them. was made to have can be used

3.I found the ticket on the floor. ______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She ______ _______ to return the book in time. The ticket was found was told

9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______. we were given were given to us

7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _______ our work______ _______ today? Were many trees planted Must be finished

10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory. was asked is done

12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day. can be mended must be taken

14.The students in this school study German. German _______ ________ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? ______ this question often _______ about _______ _______? is studied Is talked by them

下列时态的被动语态构成 1.Lucy is watering the trees. 2.The boy was mending his bike. 3.We have finished our compositions.

Some workers are painting the rooms now ． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being + 过去分词

I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night ． My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were+being+ 过去分词

We have made twenty more keys ． Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+ 过去分词

各种时态的被动语态构成 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 情态动词： 一般将来时： 现在进行时： 现在完成时： 过去进行时： S+am/is /are +done S+was/were +done S+ can/may/must/should + be+ done S+ will+be+ done S+ am/is/are + being + done S+ have/has + been+ done S+ was/were+being+ done

A recorder is used in our English class every day.

use …for play often Football is played all over the world. A camera is used for taking photos.

rob yesterday send up last year A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year. A bank was robbed yesterday.

must plant cover with in a few years’ time The tree must be planted on the ground. The ground will be covered with trees in a few years’ time.

send to right now a talk give soon They will be sent to the hospital right now. A talk will be given soon.

dig The earth is being dug now. eat up already The food has been eaten up already.

Homework : 1.He cleans the classroom everyday. 2.They finished their homework. 3.I can mend his bike. 4.She will buy ten books tomorrow. 5.We shouldn’t allow them to go out with their friends. 6.The old man often makes us laugh.

你们学校附近有一个大图书馆，馆内有各种各样的 书，请你将这个图书馆的要求向你的同学作一介绍， 以便他们去那儿看书时能遵守规则。 1. 不要把包带进图书馆。 2. 看书时保持安静。 3. 一次可借四本书，不能将书转借给别人， 4. 图书馆每天早晨 8:00 开门，必须在下午 6:00 前 要按时还书。 离开图书馆。 要求：用英文写一篇 60—80 词左右的短文。