“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit.” ~Aristotle PAF 101 Module 3, Lecture 2

Class Agenda Announcements Dale Carnegie Quick overview of Chapter 6 The Problem Solving Framework Grading Exercise Introduction Assignment for Next Class

Want to be a PAF 101 TA? Who: Lovers of PAF, hard workers, leaders, those with an A- or A What: Be a TA for PAF 101 (spring 2016) When: The application will be up on the Website and will be open starting 10/16 Where: Please send applications/questions to Lauren Piefer:

Competition Points As of 10/12/2015 Winners Losers Group #Points

Dale Carnegie Presentations Two TA's present how they used DC to fix a problem they faced. Two Groups will be called on to state what DC principle the TA used. First group to stand and give the correct DC principle wins 1 competition point for their group. If neither group knows the correct DC principle, another randomly selected group will be called on.

Dale Carnegie Principles Don't criticize, condemn or complain. Give honest and sincere appreciation. Arouse the other person an eager want. Become genuinely interested in other people. Remember that a man's name is to him the sweetest and most important sound in any language. Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves. Talk in the terms of the other man’s interest. Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely. Avoid arguments. Never tell someone they are wrong If you're wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically. Begin in a friendly way. Start with questions the other person will answer yes to. Let the other person do the talking. Let the other person feel the idea is his/hers. Try honestly to see things from the other person's point of view. Sympathize with the other person. Appeal to noble motives. Dramatize your ideas. Throw down a challenge. Begin with praise and honest appreciation. Call attention to other people's mistakes indirectly. Talk about your own mistakes first. Ask questions instead of giving direct orders. Let the other person save face. Praise every improvement. Give them a fine reputation to live up to Encourage them by making their faults seem easy to correct. Make the other person happy about doing what you suggest.

Reminder About Spine of Mod a Define the societal problem 5.3 Evidence of the problem 6.3 Policy to deal with the problem

Choosing a Specific Societal Problem Must be a measurable societal condition Must be at a local area Try to connect it to your community service or previous experience or contact

Trend Line Graph Example For 5.3a

Introduction to 6.2 Exercise 6.2: Finding Legislation on Your Topic Using find a piece of federal legislation related to your topic area Use the New York State Website or New York State Assembly/Senate websites to find state legislation

6.2 Citations For legislation, use the Cornell University Guide: &p= Use M2L2 slides for additional information

About 6.3 Propose a policy to ameliorate your societal problem in your local area Policy proposal can be federal, state or local but must discuss effectiveness for your local area Policies can be existing or proposed in other geographic locations Start by thinking about current policies

Policy Tool in 6.3 Include the specific policy tool you will use selecting one of the options provided on the following page in the module at the end of the sentence

Policy Tools for Direct Government Action 2. Economic and Social Regulation 3. Loan Guarantees and Direct Government Loans 4. Contracts 5. Vouchers 6. Grants 7. Taxes

About 6.4 Identify a published source that helped you develop the policy Identify a player that helped you develop the policy

Quick Example of Module SEX

Sex Is A Very Important Variable

Defining the Societal Problem Based on the slide I just provided, what is the societal problem?

Is the Wage Gap Changing? College-educated women earn 5 percent less the first year out of school than their male peers. Ten years later, even if they keep working on par with those men, the women earn 12 percent less. In 2010 women who worked full time, year round, still only earned 77 percent of what men earned. The median earnings for women were $36,931 compared to $47,715 for men, and neither real median earnings nor the female-to-male earnings ratio have increased since Source: White House Council on Women and Girls April 2012 Report, Bureau of Labor Statistics 2010, and Center for American Progress Year Percent of Median Earnings of Men

Example of 5.1 & 5.3 Gender Wage Gap 5.1 Women make less money than men for the same job 5.3 Evidence of the Problem 1. Trend line showing wage differential between According to National Averages in 2009 – FOR EVERY DOLLAR A MAN MAKES A WOMAN WITH COMPARABLE SKILLS IN A SIMILAR POSITION WILL ONLY MAKE 77 CENTS. 4

5.4 Causes 1. Discrimination by male elite 2. Historical lag 3. Male dominated jobs pay more 4. Demands of parenting break career patterns. Example of 5.4 Gender Wage Gap

5.5 Existing policy Federal legislation: The Equal Pay Act of 1963 Says employers cannot discriminate against their employees based on gender

5.6B 5.6B Role of Interest Groups Child Care Council Organizations providing employment advice to displaced homemakers Example of 5.6B Gender Wage Gap

Policies to deal with gender wage gap ?

Class Goal Maximize Learning for All Through Grading Policies (Refer to pp. 70 to 72 Maxwell Manual)

More Grade Subsidies ProCon

Grading Exercise For Wednesday, Write a paragraph on your preferred grading system and hand in when you walk in at the door to the auditorium or lose 5 points. Located on pp in the Maxwell Manual Put your name and group number on your response!

For Next Class Bring a typed paragraph on Wednesday on your preferred grading system or lose 5 points. Make sure your name and group number is on your response! Complete Exercises this week Prospective Community Service due FRIDAY to your TA by 8 PM on Friday with your societal problem or lose 5 points