Mesopotamia K. Roberts.

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Presentation transcript:

Mesopotamia K. Roberts

MESOPOTAMIA Located in modern-day Iraq Means “between the rivers” Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Fertile Crescent caused by annual, unpredictable floods left rich layer of soil, or silt caused irrigation systems to be created

MESOPOTAMIA Different groups of people throughout Mesopotamia: Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Persians Some Indo-Europeans in area: Hittites, Phoenicians, Israelites

MESOPOTAMIA Sumerians Writing: Cuneiform Epic of Gilgamesh City-States: Ur and Uruk Government: theocracy ziggurat Religion: polytheistic Discovered bronze Invented the wheel Social Groups: Nobles Commoners Slaves Writing: Cuneiform Epic of Gilgamesh

MESOPOTAMIA Akkadians Babylonians Assyrians North of Sumer Sargon set up first empire Fell to Babylonians Babylonians Hammurabi Gained control of Sumer and Akkad Code of Hammurabi System of strict justice Assyrians covered most of Middle-East strong, effective military fast messaging system

MESOPOTAMIA Indo-European groups: Phoenicians Hittites empire in western Asia (Anatolia) first I-E people to use iron took over Egypt Destroyed by “Sea Peoples” Phoenicians modern-day Palestine focused on trade known for ships and alphabet Israelites most known for religion the kingdom united, then divided

MESOPOTAMIA Judaism First monotheistic religion everything belonged to God foundation by patriarch Abraham His two sons created Judaism and Islam Ten Commandments - set of Laws Persians Darius-most popular leader not a great military leader, great government created satrapies Darius dies, throne is in jeopardy Religion: Zoroastrianism