English Learning Strategies Mr. Ying Liu ( 刘鹰 ) Students’ English Times 《学生双语报》

Students' Ensligh Times New Curriculum Standard and Learning Strategies Learning strategies: a short history. –Learning strategy, along with affect and attitude, cultural awareness ( 情感态度、文化意识 )is one of the three new goals defined in the new curriculum standard –Learning Strategies have been an area of intensive study in the west for the past few decades

Students' Ensligh Times The present situation in China Research –Few research projects or books on the subject yet in china –Learning strategies for Chinese students are not well researched Teachers –Few teachers are helping their students to develop efficient learning strategies

Students' Ensligh Times Layout of the Presentation Methods v.S strategies What constitutes learning strategies Learning styles ： a brief introduction Global learning strategies: A brief introduction Specific learning strategies: using writing as a case study Questions and answers

Students' Ensligh Times Methods V.S. Strategies Learning methods –Learning methods are well known notion in China –There are many different kinds of methods –Learning methods focused on skills, not learners Learning strategies –Focused on learners, instead of skills –Work at what be learnt, not what can be taught –Systematic, comprehensive, individualized and well documented process ( 系统性、全面性、个性化、文 档化 )

Students' Ensligh Times Why Learning Strategies? People learn differently Students apply their own strategies when learning,though they may not be conscious about them Without guidance, students own strategies can be inefficient

Students' Ensligh Times Benefits of Learning Strategies Teachers’ benefits –Learning Strategies make students efficient learners –Efficient learners are easy to teach Students’ benefits –Efficient learners are successful learners in many aspects –Efficient learners are happy learners and enjoy learning more

Students' Ensligh Times What Constitutes Learning Strategy Learner’s learning styles 学习风格 –Different learners have different learning styles Global Strategies 整体学习策略 –Planning, monitoring, assessing and documentation Specific Strategies 技能相关策略 –Listening, reading, writing, speaking and communication and interaction

Students' Ensligh Times Learning Styles: Oxford Cognitive 认知类型的区别 –Visual or auditory 视觉与听觉 –Logical or intuitive 逻辑与直觉 –Holistic or analytic 整体与分析 Personality 人格类型的区别 –Introvert or extrovert 内向与外向 –Thinking or feeling 思维与感觉 –Closure or Open 封闭与开放

Students' Ensligh Times Global Strategies Planning –Target oriented Monitoring –Regular and Irregular –Self, Collective, and Supervising Accessing –Formal and Informal Documenting –Written and shared

Students' Ensligh Times Target Oriented Planning:smart System Specific 具体的 Measurable 可量度的 Attainable 可取得的 Relevant 相关的 Traceable 可追踪的

Students' Ensligh Times Writing Strategies Why writing –Most poorly developed in china –Low scores on every level of test –Poor performance Writing is an important skill –Writing is a convenient way to convey one’s ideas –Writing is required in many tests

Students' Ensligh Times Writing Strategy: An Overview Problems –Writing has been a big problem at all levels of education –No systematically designed strategies in either teaching or learning Resources –Not enough and of low quality –Neither efficient nor systematic –Most are model composition types

Students' Ensligh Times Writing : An Integrated Approach Writing is a skill that can’t be taught alone It is thinking process, and should be considered as such Writing should be taught together with reading Writing should be content based and original ideas are critical Writing should be taught in a systematic manner

Students' Ensligh Times Writing As a Thinking Process Audience centered writing –Who are you writing for –What message are you trying to convey Ideas come first –Unique and innovative –Creative and original –Critical and powerful Organizing ideas logically –Unity –Coherence

Students' Ensligh Times Unity and Coherence Unity –One single central idea: the thesis –Supporting ideas must be built around the thesis –All irrelevant ideas should excluded Coherence –Ideas should be presented with a good logical order –Ideas should be linked together with each other –The transition should be smooth and clearly indicated

Students' Ensligh Times Types of Writing Why types of writing –Different types of writing is organized differently –Logical order depends on types of writing Types of writing in English –Narrative –Descriptive –Instructional –Argumentative

Students' Ensligh Times Logical Order and Types of Writing Time order Space order Listing Illustrating Compare and contrast Cause and effect

Students' Ensligh Times Thesis and Topics Thesis comes first –Specific and focused –Strong and powerful –Clearly stated Paragraphs –One idea for each paragraph –Topics sentences to express the main ideas –Supporting ideas should support the main idea of the paragraph

Students' Ensligh Times Transitions and Connections Transitions –Logical indicators to direct the readers –Appropriate use of the joining words Connections –One ideas is linked with another through paragraphs –every sentence is related to the one before and after

Students' Ensligh Times Reading for Writing Reading for contents –Easy to read –Fast and extensive Reading for language learning –Sentence structures –Phrases –Word usage Reading for writing –Organizations –Structures

Students' Ensligh Times Teaching to Write Integrated –Thinking –Reading –Logical order Systematic –Step by step –Top down –Bottom up

Students' Ensligh Times Sequences of Writing Development Sentence constructions –Simple sentences –Compound sentences –Complex sentences Paragraph writing –Main idea –Topic sentences Short composition –Logical order –Innovative ideas

Students' Ensligh Times Integration With Textbooks From Reading to writing From Speaking to writing From expressions to sentences From sentences to summary From summary to rewriting From rewriting to simple composition

Students' Ensligh Times Writing Exercises

Students' Ensligh Times Summary Why Learning Strategies Global Learning Strategies –Planning –Monitoring –Evaluation –Documentation Specific Learning Strategies: writing –Thinking –Organizing –Reading

Students' Ensligh Times Contact Information 刘鹰 《学生双语报》 电话： Official Website: Personal Website: