European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 1 The EU perspective on Climate Change BIICL October 2008 Dr. Nicola Notaro, Team Leader International Climate Change, European Commission, DG Environment C1

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 2 EU on world stage l Cradle of industrialisation, source of both problems and solutions l Strong belief in multilateral process l “EU model” attracts wide range of countries l Community competence based on the Treaty. Both the EC and the MS become Parties to international treaties (shared competence)

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 3 EC Treaty Article 174.1: Objectives l Preserving, protecting, improving the environment l Protecting human health l Prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources l Promoting measures at international level to deal with regional/global problems

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 4 EC Treaty Article 174.2: Principles l High level of protection l Precaution l Prevention l Rectification at source l Polluter-pays l Integration in Article 6!

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 5 International context l EC is Party to more than 40 international conventions such as rUNFCCC (climate change including Kyoto Protocol) rConvention on Biological Diversity (including Cartagena Protocol on GMOs) rAarhus Convention on access to information r Stockholm Convention on POPs (chemicals)

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 6 Post EU Building Blocks. A shared vision : 2°C, 50 % global emissions reductions by 2050 compared to 1990; 20% by 2020 or 30% if not alone. Developed countries to commit to further significant cuts (30% as a group). Developing countries to substantially deviate from BAU. Strenghtening the global carbon market. Framework for Action on Adaptation. Technologies. Deforestation. Emissions from maritime and aviation international transport. Mobilising finance and investments for climate change

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 7 EU Objectives agreed for 2020 l 20% GHG reduction compared to 1990 m Independent commitment l 30% GHG reduction compared to 1990 m In context of international agreement l 20% renewables share of final energy consumption l 10% biofuels in transport, with m production being sustainable m second generation biofuels commercially available

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 8 Where do we stand today? In 2005: l -6.5% GHG emissions compared to 1990 m including outbound aviation l 8.5% renewable energy m mainly through large scale hydro and conventional biomass Targets are ambitious: l -14% GHG compared to 2005 l +11.5% renewable energy share

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 9 The Climate Action and Renewable Energy package (CARE) l Overall Communication l Revision of EU Emissions Trading System (the ETS) l Effort sharing in non ETS sectors l Directive on promotion of renewable energy, report on renewable energy support schemes l Directive on carbon capture and storage, and Communication on demonstration plants l Revised environmental state aid guidelines l Accompanying integrated impact assessment

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 10 GHG Target: -20% compared to % compared to 2005 EU ETS -21% compared to 2005 Non ETS sectors -10% compared to Member State targets, stretching from -20% to +20%

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 11 Approach Cost-effectiveness Fair distribution l Solution: Fairness: differentiate efforts according to GDP/capita rnational targets in sectors outside EU ETS rnational renewables targets (partially – half) rredistribution of auctioning rights (partially – 10%) Cost-effectiveness: introduce flexibility and use market based- instruments (EU ETS, access to JI/CDM, etc.)

European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 12 More info on: l me_en.htm me_en.htm me_en.htm Thank you !