Honors Biology Ch 4 THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE

 M1: Ecology  Study of large scale stuff  M2: Molecules to Organisms  Study of really small scale stuff  M3: Heredity  Study of why you look like your parents  M4: Evolution  Study of how we change throughout time BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION

 In our biosphere, everything is made of atoms BIOLOGY HEARTS CHEMISTRY

Basic unit of matter Protons + charge In nucleus Neutrons No charge In nucleus Electrons - charge Around nucleus ATOMS

 Pure substance of only one atom  Commonly the same # protons, neutrons, & electrons ELEMENTS

 2 or more elements combined in a fixed ratio  NaCl (salt (s))  H 2 O (water (l))  O 2 (oxygen (g)) COMPOUND

 Ionic  E- transferred from one atom to another  Ex: NaCl (salt)  Covalent  E- are shared between atoms  Ex: CO2  Hydrogen Bond  Ex: water molecules  Vander Waals Interactions  Ex: protein folding CHEMICAL BONDS

 Electrons are high energy subatomic particles  Valence electrons are responsible for chemical bonds BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF ELECTRONS

 Through the interaction of chemicals we can better understand our biosphere:  Water  pH  Carbon  Protein  Nucleic Acids  Carbohydrates  Lipids BIOLOGY IS DEPENDENT ON CHEMISTRY