Sedimentary Geology Geos 240 – Chapter 3-3 Sedimentary Petrology-3 Dr. Tark Hamilton Camosun College

L  R Mud Silty Mud Sandy Mud Muddy Silt/Sand Breccia/ Conglomerate Field Lab

Limestone names: Dunham/Folk Lime mudstone/Micrite Wackestone/Biomicrite Packstone/Oomicrite Intrasparite Grainstone/Sparry Biomicrudite

Facies Map of Andros Island: E.G. Purdy 1963, Jour. Geol. & Satellite View

A B C D

S B Stromatoporoid & Bryozoan Biosparite Grainstone

Dolomite Rhombs Replacing Cretaceous Chalk

Dolostone Collapse Breccia, NWT

Folded Radiolarian Chert, J. Cache Creek Fm.

Diagenesis in Clastic Sediments F F Q Bt Hb

Niagara Escarpment Resistant cap of Silurian Lockport Dolostone overlies Ordovician Limestone & Shale The escarpment is a Cuesta which forms the North edge of the Michigan Basin.

Click on photo for higher resolution. Stromatoporoids, Lockport Dolomite, NY

Ordovician packstone (biomicrite) photo by Madeline Ernst

Stylolites Ord. Limestone

Diagenesis in Limestones : Micrite recrystallizes to Sparite

Petrographic Goals for the Course Distinguish siliciclastic (detrital) from carbonates Distinguish siliciclastic (detrital) from carbonates Be able to correctly name a rock from its grain and matrix composition and texture: e.g. feldspathic sandstone, lithic wacke, carbonaceous shale Be able to correctly name a rock from its grain and matrix composition and texture: e.g. feldspathic sandstone, lithic wacke, carbonaceous shale Distinguish: quartz, feldspar, micas, Fe-oxides Distinguish: quartz, feldspar, micas, Fe-oxides Describe grain size, shape and grain size distributions using a microscope Describe grain size, shape and grain size distributions using a microscope Distinguish: grains, matrix, cement & porosity Distinguish: grains, matrix, cement & porosity Recognize grain alignment, sedimentary layering Recognize grain alignment, sedimentary layering

Petrographic Goals for the Course Distinguish Carbonate from detrital rocks Distinguish Carbonate from detrital rocks Be able to recognize and name various types of allochems (grains) and distinguish them from: matrix, cements & porosity Be able to recognize and name various types of allochems (grains) and distinguish them from: matrix, cements & porosity Distinguish: cement types: carbonate, quartz, hematite Distinguish: cement types: carbonate, quartz, hematite Distinguish fossils, ooliths and pellets Distinguish fossils, ooliths and pellets Distinguish calcite and aragonite from dolomite Distinguish calcite and aragonite from dolomite Classify carbonates by Dunham and Folk schemes Classify carbonates by Dunham and Folk schemes Distinguish various types and %’s of porosity Distinguish various types and %’s of porosity