Title: Warm-Up: List five things that you can remember about studying China from Global History 9. List as many Asian countries as you can think of. Homework: Vocabulary Title Page HW #1-Ch. 30-3 Chapter Outline

Qing Dynasty in power since 1644 Sun Yixian Nationalism: Chinese desire for change

Dynastic rule in China for about 3,000 years Qing dynasty chose to isolate China Opium War and Open Door Policy allow foreign control of trade and economics Chinese crave modernization Kuomintang overthrows Qing emperor in 1911

Kuomintang; Nationalist party led by Sun Yixian. 1912 Sun becomes president of the Republic of China 3 Principles of the People: 1) End foreign control 2)Rights- democracy 3) Economic Stability Yuan Shikai- leaves democratic ideals behind

Sun Yixian Leader of the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) Leads a revolution against the Qing Dynasty- overthrows them in 1911 Becomes president of the new Republic of China in 1912 “Three Principles of the People” Loses Military support and Yuan Shikai takes power in 1916

Kuomintang Chinese Nationalist Party Started by Sun Yixian, then Yuan Shikai, and then Jiang Jieshi Fights the communists during the Long March

Jiang Jieshi Leader of the Kuomintang in 1925 Promised democracy and political rights, but became less democratic and corrupt Leads the nationalists in the Long March beginning in 1933 Is supported by the US Is an ineffective military leader

May Fourth Movement May 4, 1919 3,000 angry Chinese students gather in Beijing Demonstration shows the Chinese commitment to the goal of establishing a modern nation

Mao Zedong Organizes a Chinese Communist Party in 1921 Marxist ideas, but in a rural setting Gains support of peasants by promising land Is supported by the USSR Strong Military leader Organizes China into communes, “Great Leap Forward”, 5 Year plans, Cultural Revolution

Red Army Begins around 1927 as Mao’s army Fights in the civil war v. Jiang Jieshi’s forces Fought Japan during World War I Helps to drive Jiang’s army to Taiwan (Nationalist China)

Long March Begins in 1933 when Jiang’s army of 700,000 men begin to drive the Communist forces of 100,000 westward Suspended when the Nationalists and Communists join to fight Japan when Japan invades Manchuria March covers 6,000 miles Thousands die or starve Ultimately Communists gain more support of peasants and win as Jiang and his followers flee to Taiwan.

Directions: In your notebook write out the reading questions and using your notes and the readings provided, respond to them. Update your TOC as Title: Readings-Imperial China Collapses

Communists Take Power In China Warm-Up: List two facts about the Long March. Who was the leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist) and who was the leader of the Communist Party? What was the May 4th Movement?

(Mao Zedong & The Great Leap Forward 2:45) Mao’s plan to quickly improve agriculture by forming massive communes 26,000 communes were created Strictly controlled life of hard agricultural labor Ate in communal dining, lived in dorms, raised children together Led to famine between 1960-1961 – about 20 million people starve to death (Mao Zedong & The Great Leap Forward 2:45)

Cultural Revolution 10 year political campaign - rekindle revolutionary spirit and purifying communist party Removes some communist leaders and names Mao the Supreme commander of the nation and army ideological cleansing as intellectuals and artists are targeted- executions and exiles Red Guards close colleges and schools Thousands are killed or imprisoned

(Mao’s Cultural Revolution & The Red Guard 1:30) Militant young people (teens, early 20s) who leave school to form militia units Carry out Mao’s “Cultural Revolution” Force people to carry the Little Red Book Encourage students to turn on teachers Anyone with power was at risk of being terrorized (Mao’s Cultural Revolution & The Red Guard 1:30)

Little Red Book A collection of Mao’s quotations Contains themes such as “Correcting Mistaken Ideas” and “All Revolutionaries are Paper Tigers” Red Guard tormented people who did not carry the book at all times

Title: Korean & Vietnam Wars Warm-Up: Where are Korea & Vietnam located? What do you know about the Korean or Vietnam Wars? Do you know anyone who fought in these wars? Homework: Vocabulary Quiz Next Class HW # 4

North Korea: Soviet style communist government Industrial USSR supplies weaponry to attack South Korea Kim Il Sung established collective farms & heavy industry Kim Jung Il-develops nuclear weapons (huge current issue!) Faces serious economic problems

President Roh Moo-hyun South Korea Non-communist (supported by Western powers) US steps in to control spread of communism (containment) UN (United Nations) steps in and defends South Korea After Korean War-South Korea prospers Rules by dictators until 1987, democratic constitution established after US still supports South Korea                                    President Roh Moo-hyun

(The Korean War 5:54) North Korea 38th Parallel South Korea

The Vietnam War Outcome: China North Vietnam Laos Thailand South Vietnam Cambodia

North Vietnam Ho Chi Minh-Communist leader-helps drive France & Japan out of Vietnam. Hit & run tactics Government supported by USSR

South Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem-Anti-communist government-set up by US & France; rules as dictator. Opposition to this puppet government (internal resistance) Vietcong (North Vietnam Forces) assassinate Diem in 1963 US increases presence to prevent communist takeover, and met with guerilla war tactics

Vietnam War Outcome: Nixon’s Vietnamization- gradually pull US troops out of Vietnam 1975-North Vietnam takes over South Vietnam 1.5 million Vietnamese dead 58,000 US troops died 1.5 million Vietnamese flee Vietnam 1995-US & Vietnam normalized relations Only one Vietnam…no North and South…one Vietnam united under Communism

Title: Cambodia Warm-Up: How many Koreas are there? How many Vietnams are there? List three facts about the Korean War. List three facts about the Vietnam War. Homework: HW #5 Test in three classes

Problems in Cambodia 1975: Communist rebels- Khmer Rouge – set up a communist regime- brutal, violent Leader: Pol Pot Goal: transform Cambodia into a rural agrarian society How: relocates people- forceful marches out of cities to the country side 2 million people are slaughtered during the “transformation” to “Year Zero” 1978- Vietnam invades and overthrows the Khmer Rouge- a less repressive government is installed

                                                                                           The enormity of what Pol Pot and his Khmer Rouge party did in the latter half of the 1970s defies hyperbole. The only word for it: genocide. The death toll: certainly more than a million, perhaps twice that amount. Among the first evidence of the horror, this "killing field" was uncovered in 1980. The Legacy of Pol Pot

                                                                                                                    One of the purveyors of massacre was the Khmer Rouge secret police, which turned this Phnom Penh high school into its headquarters, renamed S-21. Thousands were tortured and executed in former classrooms.

                                                       The school has now been refashioned into the Tuol Sleng Museum of Genocide. Thousands of pictures of Khmer Rouge victims hang on its walls: men, women and children -- including this unidentified girl and the people in the photos that follow -- who were duly photographed, then tortured and killed.

       The name Khmer Rouge, which means "Red Khmers," was given to a left-wing Cambodian faction in the 1950s. Led by Pol Pot, it gained control of Cambodia in 1975. And then began one of the century's greatest massacres

                                                                       Pol Pot declared "Year Zero" and began a radical program to create an idealized agrarian communist society. He crushed social institutions such as banking and religion and emptied cities of their inhabitants

                                                            Intellectuals and anyone else seen as standing in the way of the new social order were mercilessly killed, while many of those who escaped execution died from overwork and starvation

The Khmer Rouge was ousted from power by a Vietnamese invasion in 1979 The Khmer Rouge was ousted from power by a Vietnamese invasion in 1979. But it had already caused the deaths of between 1.5 million and 2 million people, according to Western estimates. Many victims, such as this unknown woman, may never be identified.                                 

Tou Sleng prison in Phnom Penh, Cambodia It is now a museum that recounts the brutal rule of the Khmer Rouge. A self portrait of Vann Nath in a tiny cell in the prison.

Guards took babies and young children from their mothers.

Guards used hot pliers to torture victims.

Burial Sites

Analyzing a Politcal Cartoon (Fighting Spreads to Cambodia 2:23) (Laos & Cambodia 2:42) (Student Strikes in Cambodia 9:17)

Directions: Label the following on your map: China Soviet Union Laos Vietnam North Korea South Korea Cambodia Bay of Bengal South China Sea Pacific Ocean Philippines Japan Myanmar Malaysia India Page: 984 & A21 ***Color the water blue, color each nation a different color, and color all other nations a neutral color***

Title: China: Reform and Reaction Warm-Up: Who was the supreme leader of China? What kind of government does China have? Write 2-3 sentences summing up how China progressed to present day. Homework: DBQ Scaffolding Agenda: Notes “Tank Man” Video

Gang of Four Jiang Qing (Mao’s 4th wife), Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, Wang Nongwen Were radical leaders of the Cultural Revolution When Mao dies, they are arrested and are either killed or imprisoned

Deng Xiaoping By 1980 emerges as the leader of China Decentralizes China’s economy and opens the country to foreign trade Goals: Four Modernizations BUT- The Tiananmen Square massacre occurs under his rule                         

Four Modernizations Agriculture: eliminates communes, allows farmers to grow some crops and sell them for profit- food production increases Industry: allows some private businesses Welcomes foreign technology and investment Improves defense Modernizes

Tiananmen Square Tiananmen Square is in Beijing In 1989, students gather to demand reforms- democracy Thousands go on a hunger strike Leader Deng Xiaoping declares martial law On June 4, 1989, Deng orders troops - tanks are sent in, open gunfire- hundreds are killed and thousands are wounded Shows that Human Rights violations are a continuing issue in China, despite reforms.

Jiang Zemin Comes to power in 1997 Was seen as practical and flexible, but a weak military leader US pressures China to improve human rights, free political prisoners, but China remains hostile Resigns in late 2002

Hu Jintao Becomes president in 2002 Has been a little more open to reforms than previous leaders Says he is interested in improving the lives of the “ordinary people” of China

Hong Kong Hong Kong was a British colony for 155 years In 1997, Britain returns Hong Kong to China China promises to respect Hong Kong’s current policies, but Hong Kong is concerned China has tightened its control of Hong Kong

Population Problems About 1.3 billion people in China today Most live in the Eastern part of the country where land is farmable (close to rivers) Has implemented a “one child policy” Rumors of forced abortions, discarded baby girls Harder to enforce in rural areas Consequences could include losing employment, paying more money for social programs