Functions of the Nervous System Master control and communication system of the body Master control and communication system of the body Uses electrical signals to communicate Uses electrical signals to communicate 2 subdivisions: 2 subdivisions: Central Nervous System (CNS)- brain & spinal cord Central Nervous System (CNS)- brain & spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)- nerves Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)- nerves

Functions of the Nervous System Sensory receptor senses stimuli ---- sends message to integration center ---- motor output signals a response Sensory receptor senses stimuli ---- sends message to integration center ---- motor output signals a response

Knee Jerk Reflex Reflex- rapid, automatic response Reflex- rapid, automatic response

Neuron Structure Dendrites- receive signals Dendrites- receive signals Cell Body- Brain of neuron Cell Body- Brain of neuron Axons- Carries signals away from cell body Axons- Carries signals away from cell body Myelin- Insulation on axon Myelin- Insulation on axon Nodes of Ranvier- Signal “jumps” along these Nodes of Ranvier- Signal “jumps” along these

Multiple Sclerosis

Types of Neurons Sensory Neuron- send info Sensory Neuron- send info Interneuron- produce a response Interneuron- produce a response Motor Neuron- brings response to body cells Motor Neuron- brings response to body cells

Divisions of the PNS

phSuccessnet.com Online activities 28.1, 28.2, 28.3 Online activities 28.1, 28.2, 28.3 Turn in to bin when done. Turn in to bin when done.

Animation of Brain Development

Brain Development Neural tube– around the 4 th week of development Neural tube– around the 4 th week of development Anterior part develops into brain Anterior part develops into brain Rest becomes spinal cord Rest becomes spinal cord Ventricles form in the center (holes that hold CSF) Ventricles form in the center (holes that hold CSF) Grows to ~3 lbs Grows to ~3 lbs

Brain Tests Count every " F" in the following text: FINISHED FILES ARE THE RE SULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTI FIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS... Count every " F" in the following text: FINISHED FILES ARE THE RE SULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTI FIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF YEARS...

O lny srmat poelpe can raed tihs. cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? And I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorant! O lny srmat poelpe can raed tihs. cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? And I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorant!

Regions of the Brain Cerebrum Cerebrum Diencephalon Diencephalon Brain Stem Brain Stem Cerebellum Cerebellum

I. Cerebrum Left side: problem solving, logistical thinking (controls right side) Left side: problem solving, logistical thinking (controls right side) Right side: creative thoughts & imagination (controls left side) Right side: creative thoughts & imagination (controls left side) Corpus Callosum- Connects 2 sides Corpus Callosum- Connects 2 sides

4 Lobes of Cerebrum Parietal- touch, taste Parietal- touch, taste Frontal- decision making, problem solving, planning, movement, speech Frontal- decision making, problem solving, planning, movement, speech Temporal- memory, hearing, emotions, smell Temporal- memory, hearing, emotions, smell Occipital- sight Occipital- sight

Memory Hippocampus Hippocampus Amygdala Amygdala

II. Diencephalon “inner brain” “inner brain” Thalamus- Enhances or blocks signals Thalamus- Enhances or blocks signals Hypothalamus- temp regulation, blood pressure, hunger, thirst, sex drive Hypothalamus- temp regulation, blood pressure, hunger, thirst, sex drive

III. Brain Stem 3” long, diameter of thumb 3” long, diameter of thumb Sleep, breathing, body movement Sleep, breathing, body movement

IV. Cerebellum Balance, equilibrium, skeletal muscle activity Balance, equilibrium, skeletal muscle activity Damage= ATAXIA (clumsy & disorganized) Damage= ATAXIA (clumsy & disorganized)