A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk An Introduction to Web 2.0 and the Social Web Brian Kelly, UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, UK UKOLN is supported by: This work is licensed under a Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat) Acceptable Use Policy Recording/broadcasting of this talk, taking photographs, discussing the content using , instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Acceptable Use Policy Recording/broadcasting of this talk, taking photographs, discussing the content using , instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Resources bookmarked using ' renaissance-east-midlands-2009 ' tag Twitter: Blog:

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 2 About Me Brian Kelly: UK Web Focus: a national Web advisory post Based at UKOLN, a national centre of expertise in digital information management Located at the University of Bath Funded by JISC and the MLA Involved in Web since Jan 1993 Currently advising on best practices for Web 2.0 Introduction

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 3 About This Event This event aims to provide: A better understanding of ‘Web 2.0’ An awareness of how cultural organisations may benefits from Web 2.0 An understanding of possible dangers, both for users and the institution An opportunity to discuss how we should address the opportunities and challenges (and inevitabilities!) Introduction

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 4 About You How many of you: Have heard of Web 2.0? Have read content in a blog or wiki? Use Facebook? Have used MSN Messenger, Skype, …? Use photo sharing sites (e.g. Flickr)? Have viewed video clips on YouTube? Do you: Use the tools for work? Use the tools for social purposes (e.g. communicating with your children)? Introduction Did you use the event’s Facebook page?

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 5 About Your Use of The Wiki Use of WetPaint wiki for Renaissance West Midlands workshop

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 6 Contents Web 2.0 – What Is It? (Talking …) Blogs  Wikis Mashups  Comms tools Social Networks (… exploring …) Facebook: opportunities and challenges Ning – grow your own social network Deployment Strategies (… doing) - Later Institutional barriers  User focus Information literacy  Staff development Risk assessment  … Introduction

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 7 Let’s Do It Now! Let’s not just talk about Web 2.0 – let’s use it now (assuming WiFi network available!): Let’s Talk Go to and in box enter www. renaissanceeastmidlands. org.uk Let’s Share Resources Go to to access resources Note You can set up a chat facility in 10 seconds. But this doesn’t mean you should built a service using it! Note You can set up a chat facility in 10 seconds. But this doesn’t mean you should built a service using it! Introduction

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 8 Let’s Do It Now! – Backup Plan Problem: Service is unreliable Company goes bankrupt Firewall blocks access Service isn’t good enough Solution: Have alternative prepared The TinyChat.com service enables online chat rooms to be created easily e.g. Introduction

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 9 Web2MemeMap, Tim O’Reilly, 2005 (or see Wikipedia ) Characteristics Of Web 2.0 Network as platform Easy-to-use (Ajax) Always beta Remix and mash-ups  Syndication (RSS) Architecture of participation  Blogs & Wikis  Social networking  Social tagging (folksonomies) Trust and openness Characteristics Of Web 2.0 Network as platform Easy-to-use (Ajax) Always beta Remix and mash-ups  Syndication (RSS) Architecture of participation  Blogs & Wikis  Social networking  Social tagging (folksonomies) Trust and openness Web 2.0 What Is Web 2.0? Marketing term (derived from observing 'patterns') rather than technical standards - “an attitude not a technology” Web 2.0

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 10 Web 2.0: Why? Realisation of Sir Tim Berners-Lee’s dream: Web was meant to be participative & user-driven Technical infrastructure now in place But only now are standards in place, use cases tested, commercial infrastructure deployed, … User acceptance: Many users love it – look at popularity of SNs Saving scarce in-house resources: Institutions can now focus on relevant areas, rather than duplicating services already available Enhancing quality of what we do do Developing digital citizenship Addressing the gaps (e.g. information literacy, …) Web 2.0

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 11 Blogs Blogs – social phenomenon of the C21 st ? Need for information professionals to: Understand blogging & related technologies (e.g. RSS, Technorati) Be able to find resources in the 'Bloggosphere' Explore how to blogs to support business functions (support users, staff & organisation) Web This blog … tells what it's like spending the winter in Antarctica conserving artefacts from the explorer's hut left behind by Ernest Shackleton in Increasingly professional (e.g. developers) use blogs to describe what they're doing. Note that a Comments field can allow you to engage in discussions Increasingly professional (e.g. developers) use blogs to describe what they're doing. Note that a Comments field can allow you to engage in discussions Openness Syndication Collaboration Key Characteristics

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 12 Blogs - Reading How do you keep informed of developments? Do you use a dedicated blog reader? Are you alerted of changes to key blogs? Do you focus on the content and avoid the distractions of ads, etc.? Web 2.0 Bloglines – a Web-based Blog reader. You are informed of changes since you last viewed the page. Openness Syndication Collaboration

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 13 Blogs: Engaging With Users The ukwebfocus.wordpress. com blog provides: Discussions on Web 2.0 in culture, research and learning Comments option for all postings An environment to speculate Benefits: Feedback on my thoughts and ideas Evaluation … /01/25/experiments-with-meebo/ /01/25/experiments-with-meebo/ Blogs aren’t just one-way publishing, but an implementation of Tim Berners-Lee’s vision of a collaborative Web See (and discuss) UK Web Focus blog post 25 Jan 2007 Blended blogging

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 14 Enriching Your Blog UKOLN’s Cultural Heritage blog is aimed at practitioners and policies makers in museums, libraries and archives A blog ‘widget’ provides automated feeds of other content (events & briefing documents) Beware, though, of having too much ‘blog bling’!

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 15 Blogs and RSS Blog content is available is RSS format, which can be read by RSS readers. Netvibes is another example of an RSS reader Openness Syndication Collaboration As well as blog posts, other content can be syndicated using RSS Here UKOLN blog posts, details of events & briefing documents are available in RSS, allowing the content to be reused elsewhere

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 16 Finding Resources Technorati can help find Blog articles, etc. Technorati search for "Museum of Antiquities" finds: Blog posting about current exhibition posted 11 minutes ago! Google search finds: Museum home page Web … What do users want: the home page and what people are saying today. Google & Technorati are valuable tools, so organisations should ensure that their Web site can be found in both. RSS Syndication

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 17 Wikis Wikis – collaborative Web-based authoring tools I use wikis for: Collaborative papers (avoiding ed MS Word file around) Web 2.0 Google Docs – Web-based word processor or Wiki? Does it matter, it does the job IWMW2006_Discussion_Group_Notes_for_Group_A IWMW2006_Discussion_Group_Notes_for_Group_A Note-taking at events Remember when notes were trapped in the non-interoperable world of flip charts & paper. This need no longer be the case. Social discussions at events IWMW2006_Information_About_Social_Aspects IWMW2006_Information_About_Social_Aspects Openness Syndication Collaboration

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 18 Wikipedia Wikipedia – not only a community-developed encyclopedia, but also a well-linked Web site, which boosts Google rankings ?q=british+museum ?q=british+museum In top 10 in Google list Do you try and ensure your Web site is easily found when searching? If so, then an entry in Wikipedia could help with this business objective

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 19 Sharing - Flickr Web 2.0 includes community-building You can help support your community- building by making it easy to share photos at events (e.g. this seminar) Simply suggest a tag e.g. ‘ renaissance- west-midlands ’ and encourage delegates to upload their photos with this tag Web ?w=all&q=iwmw2006&m=text ?w=all&q=iwmw2006&m=text iwmw2006/interesting/?page=6 iwmw2006/interesting/?page=6 Openness Network effect Syndication Collaboration

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 20 Sharing – del.icio.us Another aspect of sharing is sharing bookmarks This can be used to: Manage your bookmarks Allow others to contribute resources Allow lists of bookmarks to be repurposed Carry out impact analysis Web 2.0 Openness Network effect Syndication Collaboration National Archives Web site now bookmarked by 798: Who are they? What else are they interested in?

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 21 Podcasts Podcasts are syndicated MP3 files New items in a podcast can appear automatically in your Podcast client (e.g. iPod) or RSS reader Resources can be accessed via iTunes Web 2.0 Openness Syndication The University of Bath won a European award for its podcasts from guest lecturers, etc. We can regard this as maximising impacts of the ideas and promoting the University, at little cost

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 22 Video Blogs Use of video is becoming more popular: Cheap consumer devices Easy-to-use services such as YouTube & Google Video As well as Web interface, other tools can display video clips I am experimenting with video chat tools such as Seesmic to: Encourage video debate Reuse content in talks

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 23 From Maps To Reusable Maps We’ll have maps showing the location of our organisations. But are these maps: Zoomable? Configurable? Embeddable? Reusable? Personalisable? Google Maps allows me to have a personalised route planner

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 24 Web 2.0 Google Maps Mashups Google Map ‘mashup’ used for IWMW 2006 event: ~ 20 lines of JavaScript. Code taken from Google Maps Web site and coordinates added workshops/webmaster-2006/maps/ More sophisticated mapping applications are being developed, such as Radius 5 at Northumbria Univ. Openness Mashup APIs

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 25 Communications We said: Content is king! But maybe: Communications is king! Communications tool include: Chat tools (MSN Messenger) Audio & video (including MSN Messenger, Skype, …) … Using Web 2.0 Web 2.0 Also note Web-based video chat services such as TokBox and Seesmic

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 26 Creative Commons Let’s allow others to legitimately reuse our content. I do this for my event details: Creative Commons licence assigned to publicity details I also do this for my blog posts, slides, etc Web workshops/webmaster-2006/publicity/ workshops/webmaster-2006/publicity/ Openness Tags Collaboration Note that the openness is a key aspect of Web 2.0: open source; open standards and open content can all help to bring benefits through maximising usage of services

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 27 Renaissance East Midlands Openness Sharing Collaboration Benefits: Maximise impact Outreach to new audiences ‘LOCKSS’ approach for long term access Content reused in alternative format Marketing by UKOLN Closer links established Renaissance East Midlands published Simple Guide to Digitisation & provided CC licence to allow reuse.

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 28 Flickr Commons Flickr Commons provides a repository of photographs which have a Creative Commons licence

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 29 Searching For CC Resources A number of search engines allow users to search for resources with various type of CC licences, e.g. can be used for commercial purpose

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 30 Integration of Services Web 2.0 applications can be used in isolation They can also be integration into other services (e.g. widgets in blogs and Web sites) Facebook is (currently) the leading platform for integrating many Web 2.0 tools Let’s look at Facebook in more detail, as an example of a popular Web 2.0 service Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 31 The Facebook platform provides access to (a) Skype (b) Twitter micro-blogging service (c) mini- questions The Facebook Platform Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 32 What is Facebook? Facebook: A social networking Web site Had the largest number of registered users among college-focused sites with over 30 million members worldwide Ranked between top 10–20 Web sites Seventh most visited site in the US From Wikipedia Facebook Let’s now look at one very popular Web 2.0 application – the Facebook social networking service Let’s now look at one very popular Web 2.0 application – the Facebook social networking service

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 33 Your Profile Page Here’s an example of a profile page: Your details Access to default applications Access to applications your added Facebook could be used as a personalised portal to various applications And here’s how others may see your profile Boring isn’t it! Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 34 It’s a Social Network (1) The strength of Facebook is when it is used as a social network. Here people can see: My updates to my Facebook account Applications I’ve installed Groups I’ve joined Photos & videos I’ve uploaded Blogs posts I’ve written Messages I’ve sent & received … Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 35 It’s a Social Network (2) Here’s the page of a former colleague (now at Eduserv). This is valuable to me: Spot friends in common Keep informed of Andy’s professional interests (of interest to me) Keep informed of Andy’s discussions with others … Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 36 Social Networks Student Use (1) Example of groups subscribed by a student: Student society Facebook seems to be very popular for use with Student union societies (nb is this a threat to similar services provided on Student Union Web site?) Facebook seems to be very popular for use with Student union societies (nb is this a threat to similar services provided on Student Union Web site?) Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 37 Student Use (1) Example of groups subscribed by a student: Student society Notice how the issue of local versus global Facebook groups is being discussed. Would a local-only group act as a barrier to student alumni? Social Networks Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 38 Student Use (2) Example of groups subscribed by a student: Student society Social Facebook is popular for various social activities – especially for keeping in touch over summer Social Networks Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 39 Student Use (2) Example of groups subscribed by a student: Student society Social Note that Facebook provides access to videos and photos – a way of providing seamless access or a bandwidth hog? Social Networks Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 40 The Opportunities Facebook provides great opportunities for the sector: It’s popular It’s easy-to-use No need for in-house development or to purchase software Useful for staff and users too We can easily integrate our resources into Facebook (e.g. RSS feeds, blogs, etc.) It can provide alternative access to our services cf. Artshare app: “Share works of art from Museums around the world” Social Networks Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 41 What’s The Downside? Various concerns have been expressed about: Privacy (is Facebook a private or public space?) Is Facebook a space for students or for all? Is Facebook a closed environment? … Various concerns have been expressed about: Privacy (is Facebook a private or public space?) Is Facebook a space for students or for all? Is Facebook a closed environment? … Facebook

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 42 You Can Manage Your Privacy You have control over the information others can see about you

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 43 You Can Manage Your Privacy You have control over the information others can see about you But how many users change the default settings? And what about what Facebook can do with your information? Note that Wikipedia provides useful information on Facebook’s terms and conditions

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 44 Deployment Strategies I want to do use the Social Web but: The IT Services department bans it The council bans it My boss doesn’t approve Area of interest to UKOLN: “Just do it” Subversive approach – ‘Friends of Foo’ if Foo can’t use it Encourage enthusiasts Don’t get in the way UKOLN briefing papers available (with CC licence). More to be released shortly.

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 45 Conclusions To conclude: Web 2.0 can provide real benefits for our users There are many opportunities for cultural heritage organisations We need to be seek ways we can exploit such opportunities We also need to acknowledge risks and dangers  Further discussions on Web 2.0 issues are given on the UKWebFocus.wordpress.com blog Conclusions

A centre of expertise in digital information managementwww.ukoln.ac.uk 46 Questions Any questions?