Muscles Types of Tissue Muscle Function

Remember… Three types of Muscle Tissue –Smooth muscle –Cardiac muscle –Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle… Lines the digestive organs and blood vessels Long cells, large nucleus involuntary

Cardiac muscle… Only found in the heart Long connected fibers Intercalated discs (look striped) Involuntary

Skeletal muscle Moves bones Striped appearance voluntary Muscle fibers

Skeletal Muscle contraction (sliding filament hypothesis) animation

How Muscles Build Up Muscle Builds in two different ways Hypertrophy: An increase of the size of the muscle due to increase in the size of the sarcomere Hyperplasia: An increase in size due to the splitting of muscle fibers

Hypertrophy Everybody has the same number of Muscle cells as they were born with Muscle cells increase in size Healthandfitnessnow.info

Hyperplasia Hyperplasia is an increase in size due to the splitting of muscle fibers. Less common it accounts for about 5% of muscle gain

Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Synthetic variant of androgen Testosterone Triggers rapid muscle growth Project6.org

Side Effects of Steroid Misuse In men it has been know to cause reduced sperm count, baldness, gynecomastia (enlargement of breasts) In women it can cause male pattern baldness, facial hair, cessation of menstrual cycle and deepened voice Steroid use causes liver damage which results in death