MUSCLE & NERVOUS TISSUE

MUSCULAR TISSUE HIGHLY SPECIALIZED TO CONTRACT OR SHORTEN, TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT THERE ARE 3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE: SKELETAL, CARDIAC, & SMOOTH

MUSCLE TISSUE TYPES DIAGRAMS

SKELETAL(STRIATED) MUSCLE TISSUE- APPEARANCE LONG, CYLINDRICAL CELLS MANY NUCLEI/CELL CELLS CONTAIN DISTINCTIVE STRIATION (BANDING PATTERN)

SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE LOCATION SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE FOUND ATTACHED TO THE SKELETON (OVER BONES)

SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE FUNCTIONS MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONS PULL ON BONES OR SKIN TO PRODUCE MOVEMENT OR CHANGES IN FACIAL EXPRESSION VERY STRONG, RAPID SHORT TERM CONTRACTIONS THAT REQUIRE NERVE IMPULSES TO FUNCTION UNDER VOLUNTARY CONTROL

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE 1000X & 400X .

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE APPEARANCE CELLS ARE BRANCHED AND JOIN TOGETHER TO FORM A NETWORK NUCLEI ARE IN THE MIDDLE OF CELLS (1 2 NUCLEI PER CELL) INTERCALATED DISKS PRESENT (DARK LINES THAT SHOW JUNCTIONS BETWEEN CELLS) SOME STRIATIONS ARE VISIBLE

CARDIAC MUSLCE TISSUE LOCATION CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE IS FOUND ONLY IN THE HEART

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE FUNCTIONS PUMPS HEART AND PROPELS BLOOD THROUGH BLOOD VESSELS CONTAINS SPECIAL IMPULSE-CONDUCTING MUSCLE CELLS; ABLE TO INITIATE CONTRACTION WITHOUT BEING STIMULATED BY A NERVE IMPULSE UNDER INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

SMOOTH(VISCERAL) MUSCLE TISSUE - APPEARANCE NO STRIATIONS LONG, SPINDLE-SHAPED CELLS SINGLE NUCLEUS IN CENTER OF CELL

SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE LOCATION FOUND IN WALLS OF DIGESTIVE TRACT URINARY, RESPIRATORY, & REPRODUCTIVE TRACTS BLOOD VESSELS

SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE FUNCTIONS SLOW, RHYTHMIC CONTRACTIONS CAUSED BY HORMONES & NERVE IMPULSES MOVE MATERIALS THROUGH BODY & ALLOW FOR BREATHING, BLADDER CONTROL, ETC. CONTRACTION & RELAXATION CONTROLS BLOOD FLOW IN VARIOUS BODY PARTS AND CAN CAUSE CRAMPING UNDER INVOLUNTARY CONTROL

NERVOUS TISSUE The neuromuscular junction is the junction where nerve endings plug into muscle cells.

NERVOUS TISSUE COMPOSED OF CELLS CALLED NEURONS NEURONS RECEIVE & CONDUCT ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPULSES FROM ONE PART OF THE BODY TO ANOTHER NEURONS, ALONG WITH SUPPORTING CELLS, MAKE UP THE BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, AND NERVES

FUNCTIONS OF NERVOUS TISSUE MONITOR ACTIVITIES IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BODY COMMUNICATES AND EXCHANGES INFORMATION BETWEEN ALL BODY PARTS CONTROL CENTER THAT GATHERS, INTEGRATES, STORES, & RECALLS INFORMATION AND COMMANDS THE NECESSARY ACTIONS

TYPES OF NEURONS SENSORY TRANSMITS IMPULSES FROM RECEPTORS (CELLS IN EYES, EARS, SKIN, ETC.) TOWARD BRAIN/SPINAL CORD “SPY” OR “TATTLETALE” - TELLS THE BRAIN WHAT IS GOING ON

TYPES OF NEURONS ASSOCIATIVE NEURON FOUND ONLY IN THE BRAIN & SPINAL CORD - FORMS A LINK BETWEEN THE SENSORY INPUT & MUSCLE ACTIVITY “MIDDLEMAN” OR “HEADQUARTERS” GETS THE INFORMATION, DECIDES WHAT TO DO, AND TELLS THE MOTOR NEURONS TO CARRY OUT THE PLAN

TYPES OF NEURONS MOTOR NEURON TRANSMIT IMPULSES FROM THE BRAIN TO EFFECTORS (MUSCLES OR GLANDS) TO CAUSE AN ACTION DOES THE WORK, CARRIES OUT ORDERS “DRONE” OR “HENCHMAN”

REVIEW - 1 Which of the following terms describes cardiac muscle? A. Striated B. Intercalated Disks C. Multinucleated D. Involuntary E. Branching

REVIEW - 2 Muscle tissue is designed to: A. Contract B. Shorten C. Both A and B D. Protect the body from harmful UV rays

REVIEW - 3 All muscle tissue is A. Voluntary B. Extendable C. Striated D. Involuntary

REVIEW - 4 Smooth muscle is: A. Found in the walls of hollow organs B. Always attached to bone C. Found in the heart D. Always voluntary

REVIEW - 5 Which type of neuron is found only in the brain and spinal cord? A. Motor neurons B. Sensory neurons C. Associative neurons D. All of the above E. None of the above

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