States of Matter Chemistry Unit 5.

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Presentation transcript:

States of Matter Chemistry Unit 5

Four states of matter Solids Liquids Gases Plasma Kinetic energy determines which state element or compound is in

Kinetic energy Energy of motion What does this have to do with particles? Average kinetic energy = temperature

Particles This unit is all about particles Particles are the smallest unit of matter Particles have kinetic energy When a fast particle collides with a slow particle, what happens to the motion of both particles? The particles exchange energy and become the same speed after the collision (the fast slows down and the slow speeds up)

Gas Motion is constant and random No fixed shape or volume Motion is elastic What do these things have to do with smell? Pressure: results from force of gas Barometer measures Pascals (Pa) or atm

Behavior of gases Compressability: measure of how much volume decreases under pressure Gases are easily compressed because of space between particles Amount of gas, temperature and volume affect gas pressure

Liquids No fixed shape, has fixed volume Vaporization: liquid to gas when boiling Evaporation: liquid to gas when not boiling Condensation: vapor to liquid What is a boiling point? What does it have to do with kinetic energy?

Solid Fixed shape and volume Sublimation: change from solid to vapor (dry ice) What is a melting point? What does it have to do with kinetic energy?

Phase Changes

Particulate Model

Quiz Name the four states of matter. Which state has the most packed particles? Which state has the least packed particles? What does kinetic energy mean? What is another term for average kinetic energy? What happens to a fast and a slow particle after they collide?