AP Human Geography

 We only have 3 days in class this week…  Ch. 5 = pp (31 pages)  Ch. 5 is on you  You will have until Monday to complete your reading guide.  Vocab notebook is due Wednesday.

 A system of communication through speech.  A collection of sounds that a group of people understands to have the same meaning.  Languages may or may not have a literary tradition, which is a system of written communication.

 Official language- a language designated by a govt. for use in laws, reports, public objects (road signs)  U.S.= No official language  Canada= French and English  Switzerland= German, French, Italian, Romansh  Kenya= Swahili, English

 Mother Tongue/ Common Language  Language Family (Indo-European)  Language Branch (Germanic, Romance)  Language (English, Spanish)  Dialect (British English v. American English, Spanish Spanish v. Mexican Spanish)

 A collection of languages related through a common ancestral language that existed long before recorded history.  Examples: Indo-European (German, Spanish, English)

 Each language family is broken down into various branches.  Each branch is broken down into specific languages.  For example, the Germanic branch includes English, German, Dutch and Flemish languages.

 GERMANIC BRANCH  Hello. My name is Mister P.  Hallo. Mein Name ist Herr P.  Hallo. Mijn naam is Mister P.  ROMANCE BRANCH  Hola. Mi nombre es Mister P.  Ciao. Il mio nome è Mister P.  Bonjour. Mon nom est Monsieur P.

 Dialect- a regional variation of a language. Vocabulary (Pop vs. Coke vs. Soda, Eraser vs. Rubber) Spelling (center vs. centre, shop vs. shoppe) Pronunciation (you all vs. ya’ll, creek vs. crick)  Isogloss- The geographic boundary of a word or other linguistic factor.  Standard Language- dialect that is recognized as most acceptable for govt., business, education, mass comm.