Nonverbal Messages: Body & Sound Chapter 6

Nonverbal Communication Massages expressed by other than linguistic means

Kinesics- Body Positions and Motion Body OrientationPosture Gestures I.Body Communication EmblemsIllustrators Affect Displays Regulators Adaptors

Body Orientation: The degree to which we face toward or away from someone during communication. Posture: The alignment of or bodies Gestures: The movement of the arms and hands

Emblems are a nonverbal substitute for the verbal message Deliberate nonverbal behaviors that have a very precise meaning, known to everyone within a group.

Illustrators visually demonstrate & accompany the verbal message The fish was this big

Affect Displays any emotional response

Regulators group of behaviors that encourage or discourage communication

Adaptors satisfy some need

Facial Communication the communication of emotions A.Face Management –Intensifying = exaggerate expression. –De-intensifying = to underplay an expression –Neutralizing = to hide any expression of feelings –Masking = to replace one expression with another

Eye Communication Functions of Eye Contact 1.seek feedback 2. regulate the flow of communication 3.signal the nature of the relationship a.duration & quality

b.visual dominance = aggressive stare c.Eye Avoidance

Paralanguage the vocal, but nonverbal, dimension of speech. Refers to the manner in which you say something rather than what you say A.Rate B.Volume C.Pitch D.Rhythm E.Silence F.Disfluencies

I need this job done right now.

I.Spatial Messages A.Edward T. Hall’s 4 Spatial Distances  Intimate  Personal  Social  Public

1. Intimate: ” 2. Personal: 18” - 4’

3. Social: 4’ -12’ 4. Public: 12-25’

B.Theories About Space 1.Protection Theory = you establish a body buffer zone around yourself as protection against unwanted touching or attack

2.Equilibrium Theory = intimacy and distance vary together

Territoriality = possessive reaction to objects/area A.Home Field Advantage B.Markers 1.central = place items in the middle to show ownership

2.boundary = separates your territory from another

3.ear marker = identifying mark of property

III.Artifacts = messages conveyed by objects that were made by human hands A.Space Decoration B.Color Communication C.Clothing & Body Adornment

D.Scent (Olfactics) 1.Attraction 2.Taste 3.Memory 4.Identification

III.Temporal Communication (Chronemics) A.Cultural Time

1.formal time = manner in which culture defines time 2.informal time = loose use of time terms

B.Monochronism & Polychronism 1.monochronic (M-time) = value punctuality, one event at a time 2.polychronic (P-time) =process is more important than the schedule a. do not value punctuality b. do many events at once

C.Psychological Time = emphasis on past, present, or future 1.developed by your culture (SES, frame of reference)