Rights and Resources What Future for Reform? Progress and slowdown in forest tenure reform since 2002 World Bank Land Conference 25 March, 2014

Global overview  Globally, communities own or control over 513 million hectares of forest lands as of  Over the past decade, there has been an increase of at least million hectares.  Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities have been leading the development of new tools to assert and defend their rights e.g. UNDRIP, FPIC, VGGTs.  In spite of progress, a slowdown in recognition since 2008.

Global forest tenure transition

4 Forest tenure transition in LMICs

5 Uneven progress between the regions (2013)

6 Uneven progress within Asia (2013)  ¾ of forests owned by communities in Asia are in China’s rural collectives  80 % of forests “designated for communities” are under JFM in India  Large advances in recognition must be complemented with governance  Lack of recognition in Indonesia, peninsular SE Asia, and Congo basin is a risk to sustainable development

7 But recognition has slowed since 2008… Change in Area of Community Tenure in LMIC and REDD+ countries (Mha) Designated for IPs and other Communities Owned by IPs and other Communities LMICs REDD+ Countries

8 Fewer and weaker tenure frameworks created Tenure frameworks created since 2002, by region and category None of the frameworks created since 2008 confer ownership

9 What Future for Reform?  What tools are available to scale up the recognition of community land and resource rights?  Are these tools sufficient?

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