Social Studies Chapter 8 Lesson 23 Review Questions

1. What is a civil war?

A civil war is a war fought between people of the same country.

2. Compare the differences between how the North and South felt about slavery.

Slavery Slaves were bought and sold by masters or households. They had to work without pay, and had little chance for freedom.

Slavery Northern states were against slavery.

Southern states favored slavery. They wanted the slaves to work their large farms.

3. Who was Lucretia Mott?

Lucretia Mott A Quaker Fought for the slaves’ freedom Helped to set up the American Anti-Slavery Society

4. What was the Underground Railroad?

The Underground Railroad A network made up of houses as hiding places,

escape roads,

and people in Pennsylvania who helped slaves escape to the Northern states or Canada.

5. For what was Harriet Tubman famous?

Harriet Tubman A slave in Maryland who escaped through the Underground Railroad She returned to Maryland 19 times, and led over 300 slaves to freedom

6. Who was James Buchanan?

James Buchanan The only United States president elected from Pennsylvania He did not like slavery, but could not find where it was against the law in our Constitution

7. Name two ways that Pennsylvania helped to win the Civil War.

More than 360,000 soldiers served in the army from our state

There were 14,000 men who served in the navy.

Ships were built in the port of Philadelphia.

Miners sent coal by the railroads to the industries that made weapons and supplies.

The railroads of Pennsylvania moved thousands of troops and supplies.

Much of the food needed to feed the armies came from our farms.

8. What happened to Chambersburg during the Civil War?

In 1862, the town was raided and 1,000 horses were stolen. In 1864, most of the town was burned because citizens would not pay the Southern raiders $100,000 in gold.

9. Why was the Battle of Gettysburg so important to the North?

Gettysburg was a great victory for the North. It is known as the turning point of the Civil War.

10. For what reason was the Gettysburg National Cemetery set up?

The Gettysburg National Cemetery was set up to provide a burial ground for soldiers killed in the battle. Since the Civil War, Americans who have died in other wars have been buried in this cemetery.

11. What was the Gettysburg Address?

The Gettysburg Address was a speech given by President Abraham Lincoln at the dedication of the National Cemetery. The speech was 2 minutes long and had 272 words.